PHI 
from. Scyros, and teacher of Pythagoras. 
He first taught the doctrine of the im¬ 
mortality of the soul. Cic. — Hence, 
PhSrecydeus, a, um, adj. Cic. - 
ir Also, a Greek historian. Cic. 
PHfiRkS, etis, in. a prince in Thessaly or 
Phene, and father of AdmetUs. — Hence, 
PhereCi&des, a', ni. son of Phercs, h. e. 
Admetus. Grid. 
PHfiR.oMBR.5S, i, cucumis silvaticus. 
Pf^EUXASPIDION, ii, n. an herb, other¬ 
wise called polium. Apul. 
PIIIXLX (0<dX>?), a, f. a kind of drinking- 
2 cup , bowl or beaker. Juvenal. 
PHIDIAS, re, m. fciStas, a'famous sculp 
tor, especially in ivory. His chief work 
■was a statue of Minerva, 20 cubits in 
height; next to this was esteemed a statue 
of “Jupiter Olympius. Cic. — Hence, 
Phidi&cus, a, um, adj. Phidian. Ovid. 
PHIDITIX, orum, n. See Phihtia. 
PHILADELPHIA, a;, f. a city of Lydia; 
hence, Philadelplieni, orum, the Ilula- 
delphians. Tacit. -11 Philadelphia was 
also the name of several other citics._ 
PHIEXDeLPHoS (<j>i\dAeX<pos), L m - 
h. e. loving his brother; a surname of one 
of the Ptolemies. . . 
PHI LAI NI, oruin, m. two Carthaginian 
brothers, who submitted to be buried alive 
for the good of their country. Sallust. 
THILAGRIaNOS, a, um, adj. of a cer¬ 
tain Pliilagrius. Sidon. 
PHILaMMoN, onis, m. a singer and mu¬ 
sician, son of Apollo. Ovid. 
PHlLANTHRoPIA (0iW3p<o7ria), a;, t. 
3 love of mankind, philanthroi>y, benevolence. 
Hence, (i present. Pandect. But others 
read philanthropii, or philanthropi, in the 
same signif. .. 
PHILANTIIRoPIUM, li, n. See the 
preceding word. . „ 
PHILaNTHRoPOS (4>tXav$ pantos), }, t. 
a plant, goose-grass, hay-riff, (Galium 
aparine of L.). Plin. 
PHILEMON, onis, m. a Greek comic poet. 
_Tf Also, a countryman, husband of 
Baucis. Ovid. 
PIIILfiTAlRIA (iptheraipiov), re, t. a 
3 plant.; same as Polemonia. Plin. 
PIIILSTaS, re, m. a Greek elegiac poet. 
Propert. — lienee, Phileteus, a, um, 
adj. Philctean. Propert. 
PHILIPPENSIS, e, adj. of, from, at,near 
2 Philippi. Sueton. helium. Pirn. Bru¬ 
tus, h. c. qui jPhilippensi acie cecidit. 
PHILIPPECS, a, um, adj. Philippian, Plu- 
2 tipple, pertaining to Philip, Icing of Mace- 
don. Propert. sanguis (in reference to 
Cleopatra, because the Egyptian kings 
were descended from Alexander, 1 hi- 
lip’s son). — Pbilippeus nummus, a 
Macedonian gold coin, struck by king 
Philip. Plant, and Liv. Also, of other 
coins. Valer. ap. Vopisc. Argentei 
Philippei minutuli, sc. nummi. Valer. 
ap. Trehell. Poll. Philippeos nostn vul- 
tus, & c . -if Also, Philippian, of, in 
or near Philippi. Manil. campi. 
PHILIPPI, orum, m. a city in Macedonia 
(formerly in Thrace), near which Brutus 
and Cassius were beaten by Antony and. 
Octavianus. Vellei. 
PHILIPPICOS, a, um, adj. Philippian, 
Philippic, pertaining to Philip of Macedon. 
Plant, talentum. Cic. orationes, the 
orations of Demosthenes against Philip 
(from which Cicero called hi^oion orations 
a wain st Antony, Philippic®). Juvenal. 
XL villa Philippica, h. e. the second Philip 
pic of Cicero. -11 Also, pertaining to 
Philippi in Macedonia. Plin. campi, the 
plains of Philippi. — In Flor. ‘1, 2, by 
Philippici campi are to be understood 
Pharsalici; for the battle between Cre- 
sar and Pompey is there spoken of. 
PHILIPPICS, a, um, adj. same as Philip- 
3 picus, in both signif. Plant, and Vei¬ 
led. 
PHILIPPOS i, m. a king of Macedonia, 
and father of Alexander the Great. Jus¬ 
tin. — Also, another king of Macedonia, 
father of Perseus. Liv. -IT Also, a 
gold coin struck by Philip ; a Philip d’or. 
Horat. — And even any similar coin. 
Auson. 
PHILISTiEA, ®, f. same as Faustina. 
Hieron. 
PHILITIX (duXiria), orum, n. love-meals ; 
the name of the public meals of the Lace- 
PHI 
damnnians, at which all the citizens ate 
toircther in a frugal way. Cic. — An¬ 
other reading is phldltia (<f>cionia),fru- 
pal repasts. Both forms are used in the 
Greek. 
PHILLyRIDES, re, in. See Philyra, at 
the end. 
PHIL5, onis, m. an academic philosopher. 
Cic. - 11 Also, Philo Byblius (li. c. 
from Byblos), a Jew who wrote in Greek. 
PHILOCXLIX (ebiXosaXia), re, f- a love 
3 for the beautiful. Augustin. 
PHILOCHARfiS ( ilnXoxapis ), is, n. an 
herb; same as Marrubium, Plnlopxs. 
PHIL5CTETX, and PTIILoCTETES, re, 
in. the son of Puias, and companion of 
Hercules. Hercules, at his death, left- 
him the poisoned arrows, without which 
Troy could not be destroyed. The, Greek, 
accordingly wished his. presence with them 
in the Trojan war; bid having wounded 
his foot with one of the poisoned arrows, 
and so making an intolerable stench, he 
was left behind at Lemnos. But at length 
Ulysses brought him to Troy , after Ma- 
chaon had healed his foot. Ovid. — 
Hence, Philoeteteus, a, um, adj. Phi- 
loctetean. Cic. 
PIIIL5GRA3CCS (0iXo{ & rpau-os, or 
3 Grrecus), i, m. fond of using Greek, par¬ 
tial, to Greek words, ijiiXeXXriv. Varr. 
PHIL5L5GIX ( cpiXoXoy'ia), re, f. the love 
of learned inquiries and the pursuit of the 
same, in which sense the word em¬ 
braced also philosophy and even learn¬ 
ing, or literature in general; literary 
taste and pursuits. Cic. and Vitruv. — 
If In the later and more limited signif. 
philological investigation, philology , h. e. 
so far as the explaining and bringing 
out of the correct sense of the learned 
works of others is understood. Senec. 
See Philologus. 
PHIL5L0G0S (cpiXoXoyos), a, um, adj. 
2 literary or occupied with learning or litera¬ 
ture. Vitruv. res. -IT Philologus, 
i, in. one who is fond of learned inquiries, 
a friend of science, a man of letters , 
learned man, scholar. Cic. and Sueton. 
— Afterwards, a scholar who explained 
the works of other learned men, by the 
help of antiquarian and historical knowl¬ 
edge ; a philologer, philologist, yet not 
hfthe broad sense in which it is at pres¬ 
ent used ; for the ancients did not de¬ 
mand of their philologus the knowledge 
of art. As early as Senec. (in Ep. 108), 
we find philologus distinguished from 
grammaticus and philosophus. 
PHILOMELA, re, f. ibiXopriXa, the daugh¬ 
ter of the Athenian king Pandion, and 
sister of Progne, the wife of Tereus, 
kin n- of the Thracians. As she was on 
her way to visit her sister, under the care 
of Tereus, he violated her and cut out her 
tono-ue. IBs wife, discovering^ this, by 
way of revenae, served up to Icrcus his 
son Itys. Wien this came out, Tereus 
was changed into a hoopoe, Philomela into 
a nightingale, and Progne into a swallow , 
though others are uncertain which became 
a swallow and which a nightingale. Ovid.. 
&c. — The poets sometimes confound 
Philomela with Progne; for instance, 
Virg. Eel. 6, 79.-IT Also, the night¬ 
ingale. Virg. ttvt XT 1 T —T ITTViT 
PHILOMeLIUM, and PHILOMeLUM, 
i n. a town in Great Phrygia. Cic. 
Hence, Philomelienses, lum, m. the in¬ 
habitants of the same. Cic. _ 
PIIILoNIUM ( <piXcbinov , sc. <f,appa K ov), 
3 ii, n. a kind of medicine. Seren. Sam- 
won. , , 
PHILOPiES (< biMirats ), ffidis, an herb, 
same as Marrubium. Plin. 
PHILOPXTOR (ifnXoiraToip), 6ns, m. 
loving his father; a surname of one of 
the Ptolemies who killed his father and 
mother . Justin . 
PIIILoROMiEOS ( (P'iXos & Roma), l, m. 
a friend to the Romans. Cic. 
PHIL5SAROA (.< piXooapKot j, re, m. a 
3 lover of the flesh ’ Micron. 
PHILOSOPHaSTKR (philosophus), tn, 
3 m. a philosophastcr, pretended philosopher. 
Augustin. 
PHIL6S5PHIA ((juXocoifiia), re, f. philoso¬ 
phy. Cic. Also, plur. in Gell. — Also, 
a philosophical subject. JVepos, Epam. 3. 
De philosophia sermonem habere.- 
660 
PHL 
IT Plur. Philosophise, sects of philoso¬ 
phers. Cic. 
PHrLOSSPlirCK (philosophicus), adv. 
3 after the manner of a 'philosopher , pliilo 
suphically. Lactant. 
PHIL6S6PHTC0S (0iAo(to0ikoO, a, um 
3 adj .philosophical^ relating to philosophy . 
Cic, 
PHIL0S0PH5R (<f>iXoco(f>ew, «), aris, 
atus sum, dep. 1. to philosophize, search 
into nature, inquire into the causes of 
effects, study wisdom, apply to philosophy, 
dispute or reason philosophically, play the 
philosopher, &c. Cic. 
PHIL0S6PH0S ((piX 6 ao<pos), a, um, adj. 
philosophical. Pacuv. ap. Gell. senten- 
tia. — Hence, Philosophus, i, m. a phi¬ 
losopher, loves■ of wisdom, interpreter of 
nature, teacher of virtue, &c. Cic. — 
Philosopha, a female philosopher Id. 
Cluamquam ea villa, qua: nunc es". Wji- 
quam philosopha videtur esse. 
PHILoSToRGuS (<l>i\ 6 tTTopyos), a, nm, 
3 adj. affectionate, loving tenderly; espe¬ 
cially,’ one’s parents, children, &c. 
Pronto. 
PHILOTeCHNOS (<PiX 6 tcx‘' 0 {), a, um, 
2 adj. loving the arts, belonging to the 
study of arts. Vitruv. 
PHILTRUM ((piXrpov), i, n. an artificial 
3 means of exciting love; a philtre, charm, 
love-potion. Ovid. 
PHILyRX, or PHILORX ( 4>iXvpa ), re, f. 
2 the linden-tree. Hence, the inner bark 
of the linden-tree, of which the ancients 
made bands for garlands. Horat. and 
plin. — Also, the skin of the papyrus, as 
it were, a leaf. Plin. -IT As ;a prop¬ 
er name, a nymph, daughter of Oceanus, 
who seas mother of Chiron the Centaur, 
by Neptune, and was changed into a lin¬ 
den-tree. — HenGe, Philyreius, a, um, 
adj. ihiXvpri'ios, pertaining to Philyra, 
and also Chiron the son of Philyra. 
Ovid, heros, li. c. Chiron. Id. tecta, 
h. e. of Chiron. — Also, Philyrldes, or 
PhillyrTdes, re, m. <I>iXXv pioqs, the son 
of Philyra, h. e. Chiron. Propert. and 
Ovid. ' 
PHIMOS (ybiyh), i, m. a dice-box; same 
3 as Fritillus. Horat. ' 
PHINEUS, ei and eos, m. [dissyll.J, <P(- 
vsfif, a king in Arcadia or Thrace or 
Paphlagonia, who deprived his sons (by his 
first wife) of sight. As a punishment for 
this deed, the gods made him blind in his 
turn, and sent the harpies to him, who con¬ 
tinually polluted his table and food. But 
when lie had hospitably received the Argo¬ 
nauts, Calais and Zethus, by the injunc¬ 
tion of Jason, drove away the harpies. 
Hytrin., Val. Flacc., &c. Hence, figur. 
Phfneus, for a blind man. Martial. 
Hence, Phlneius, and Phineus, a, um, 
adj. pertaining to Phineus, Phinnan. 
Vim. Phineia domus. Senec. Phinete 
aves, h. e. harpies. —Also, Phinldes, re, 
m. itnvciSys, son of Phineus. Ovid. —— 
IT Also, the brother of Ccpheus, who 
wished to get away Andromeda, who had 
been promised to him; and, in conse- 
quence, became involved in a quarrel with 
Perseus, who turned him into a stone. 
Ovid. — Hence, Phineus, a, um, adj. 
, Phinean, of Phineus. Ovid, 
_if Also, a certain Athenian. Uvia. 
Met. 7, 399. 
PHINTIX, re, f. a town in Sicily. Lie. 
PHINTIaS, re, m. and Damon, two bosom 
friends. Cic. 
PHL2B5TQMIA (0X£/?orojua), re, 1. veiie- 
3 section, opening of a vein, taking blood. 
Cxi. Aurel. — U Written also Jlcboto- 
^ N _ * 
PHLEB6T5MICe (^XeSoroyiKy): es, i. 
3 phlebotomy, as an art. Cxi. Aurel. 
PHLfiB6T6M5 (<pXe0oTopew, w), as > a ' ’ 
3 atum, a. 1. to phlebotomize, let blood Jrom, 
bleed. Cxi. Aurel. l’hlebotomat eos. 
PHLKB5T6M0S (( PXc/3ot6iios 1, i, m. 
3 lancet; a fleam. Veget. 
PHLfiGfiTHoN (tpXcycScov, h. e - 
ontis, m. a river of the lower world, flow 
ing with fire for water. Virg. - Hence, 
Phlegethonteus, a, um, adj. $X£y£«v 
reins, Phlegethontcan. CiaWnw. - A 
so, Phlegethontis, ldis, adj. f. PMeg 
PHLfiGMA or*FLEGMX ((pXeypa), Mis, 
^fclammykumor of the 
Pallad. and Veget. - Hence, 1 hlegmSti 
