PRI 
r 
/ 
PRO 
PRO 
is frequently found after primus, to ex 
press the first possible. Cic. Primo 
quoque tempore, h. e. as soon as pos-. 
sible, at the first opportunity. Id. Pri¬ 
mo quoque die, h. e. on the first day 
possible. — Primus, a, um, is frequently 
used instead of the adverb primum. 
Virg. Vix prima inceperat restas. Liv. 
Spolia, qu® prima opima appellata, h. e. 
first. Particularly, after quum, ut, &c. 
Virg. Quum prima exainina ducunt, 
for quum primum, h. e. as soon as. Id. 
Ut primis plantis instit.erat, for ut pri¬ 
mum, h. e. as soon as. — Primus, a, urn, 
is frequently used for prima purs. Cic. 
In prima provincia, h. e. at the entrance 
of the province. Id. Primis labris, h. e. 
with the extremity of the lips. Ceos, and 
J\Tcp. Prima nocte, h. e. at the beginning 
of the night. Colum. Primo anno, h. e. 
initio anni. Virg. Primo mense. Liv. 
Primus tumultus, h. e. the beginning of 
the tumult. -IT Also, Primus, the first 
in rank, respectability, condition, or any 
other kind of superiority, the chief, prin¬ 
cipal, most excellent, illustrious, noble, dis¬ 
tinguished; or, one of the chief, principal, 
most excellent, &c. Cic. Homines pri- 
mi, h. e. the most distinguished men. Id. 
Comitia prima, h. e. the most important 
(the centuriata and tributa are called so.) 
■ Terent. Quod vel primum puto, h. e. 
what I consider as the principal thing. 
Sallust. Prima habere, h. e. to consider 
as the most excellent. Vim. Prima te- 
nere, h. e. to have the first place. Hence, 
Terent. Partes prim®, li. e. the principal 
part. So, also, Prim®, sc. partes. Cic. 
Primas agere. — Hence, Virg. Ad pri¬ 
ma, ft. e. especially, principally. Cic. In 
primis, A. e. above all, chiefly, especially. 
Id. In primisque,/o?- in primis quoque. 
So, also. Id. Cum primis_It is also 
written imprimis, as one word. 
PRIoRaTOS (prior), us, m. the first place, 
3 preference, priority. Tertull. 
PRIoRSUM, and PRroRSUS (for prio- 
3 versus), ad v. forward. Macrob. 
PRISCe (priscus), adv. in the old or an- 
1 dent manner, after the manner of the old¬ 
en time, in a straight-forward way, with- 
out ceremony, apxaicos. Cic. agere. 
PRISCIaNOS, i, m. a grammarian in the 
time of the emperor Justinian. - 
IT Theodorus Priscianus, a physician in 
Ike time of the emperor Oratian. 
PRISCuS (from pris, the Greek irplv), 
a, um, adj. ancient, old, antique, former, 
customary in times of old, dpxaloy, dpxa- 
Ms- Cic. Credendum est veteribus et 
priscis, ut aiunt, viris. Id. Gluod lo¬ 
quitur priscum visum iri putat_The 
Romans applied this term especially to 
the most ancient times or the golden 
age. Ilorat. Prisca gens mortalimn. Id. 
Priscus Inachus. Id. Priscus pudor._ 
Hence, as a praise. Cic. Priscam imi- 
tari severitatem. Liv. Priscos mores 
revocare. — It is rarely used for pristi- 
mis. Ilorat. Venus. --IT Also, in 
the ancient manner, severe, strict, seri¬ 
ous. Cahill, parens. --IT Priscus is 
also a surname of two poets. Ovid. 
PRISMA (npiepa), Xtis, n. a certain ge- 
’* ometrical figure. Marc. Cap. 
(rrpio-rijf), ®, m. a sawyer. 2 Plin. 
PRiSTINOS (from pris, the Greek np'iv), 
<!a, um, adj. ancient, old, former, first, 
accustomed, wonted, pristine, original, 
dpxaio;, na^aids. Cic. dignitasf Id. 
mos. Liv. Pristinum animum erga ali¬ 
quem conservare. Cats. In pristinum 
statuni redire. — Hence, Pristinum, 
subst., a former state, condition, or foot¬ 
ing. JVep. In pristinum restituere, ft. e. 
to restore to its former condition. - 
IT Also, last, just passed, of yesterday. 
C«s. dies. Sueton. nox. 
PRISTINOS, and PISTRiNOS (from pis- 
tris, or pristis), a, um, adj. of or belong¬ 
ing to a whale. Colum. sidus, ft. e. the 
constellation called the Whale. 
and PRISTIX, f. See Pistris. 
>Ri V a IIM (privatus), adv. without refer¬ 
ence to the state, in his own affairs, on busi¬ 
ness of his own, in his own name, as a 
private individual, in a private capacity, 
privately, in private. Cic. Privatim ali- 
qum agere, ft. e. in his own concerns. Id. 
eloquent,ia privatim et publice abuti, 
«• e. with regard to the state and private 
individuals. Id. Si privatim mandas- 
set, A. e. for his own verson. Cies. Pub- 
lice pnvatimque petere, ft e. for them¬ 
selves, or for single persons. Cic. Nul¬ 
la me ipsum privatim pepuiit injuria, 
ft. c. for my person in particular. - 
IT Also, especially, particularly, separate¬ 
ly, distinctly. Plm. De iis privatim con- 
didit volumen.-IT Liv. Privatim se 
tenere, A. e. to keep himself or stay at home. 
1 HI VaTIB (privo), onis, f. a talcing away, 
t withdrawing , depriving of 
thing, 
withdrawing, depriving of any 
crTcprjmg. Cic. doloris. 
PRiVaTi VOS (Id.), a, um, adj. depriving, 
o denoting privation, privative, (rrcoyriKu;. 
Oell. 
PRIVaTDS, a, um, particip. from privo. 
-IT Adj. (from privus), private, of a 
person that is not in any public office. 
Cic. Vir privatus, or, simply, privatus, 
ft. e. a private person, one not a magis¬ 
trate or in any public office. Also, °one 
who is n..-t emperor, king, or prince. Te¬ 
rent. and Cic. -IT Also, of things, 
belonging or relating to individuals, op¬ 
posed to publicus. Cic. vita, A. e. a pri¬ 
vate life, of one who does not fill any 
office. Id. res, A. e. a thing that belongs 
or relates to an individual, and conse¬ 
quently not to the state. Cccs. agri, h. e. 
private lands, that do not belong to the 
state, but to individuals. Id. redificia. 
Cic. Privata calamities est, ft. e. afflicts 
me alone, not the state. Liv. dolor, A. e. 
private mourning or grief. — Under the 
emperors, it was opposed to imperial. 
Sueton. spectacula, ft. e. private games, 
not at the expense of the emperor. — Hence, 
Privatum, subst. any one’s house, pri¬ 
vate use or advantage, the expenses of a 
private person, out of one’s own pocket. 
Liv. In privato, ft. e. at home, privately, 
in private. Id. Proripere se ex privato, 
ft. e. from the house. Id. Tributum ex 
privato conferre, A. e.from one’s private 
property. 
PRIVeRNUM, i, n. a town of Latium, 
now Pipemo — Hence, Privernas, atis, 
belonging to Privemam. Cic. ager. 
Id. Quum in Privernate essemus, A. e. 
at the Privernan estate. — Privernates, 
the inhabitants of Privemum. Liv. 
PRIViGNOS (for privigenus, from privus 
6 gigno), i, m. a step-son. Cic. — Pri- 
vigna, ®, f. a step-daughter. Cic. — 
Privigni, step-children. Horat. 
PRIVILeGIaRIOS (privilegium), ii, m. 
3 one that has a privilege. Pandect. 
PRIVILeGIUM (privus & lex), ii, n. a 
law, decree, or bill against an individual. 
Cic. Ferre privilegium de aliquo. In 
the time of the republic, it was not per¬ 
mitted to make or propose such a law. 
7 - TT Also, a privilege, prerogative, 
immunity, license, special right or grant; 
preference. Sueton. Privilegium”eripe- 
re. Trajan, in Plin. Ep. habere. 
PRIVS (privus), as, avi, atum, a. 1. to 
take away from, deprive, bereave, areptto. 
Cic. aliquem vita. Id. aliquem som- 
no.-IT Also, to free, deliver. Cic. 
aliquem exsilio, dolore. —So, also, Pri- 
vatus, a, um. Cic. 
PRIGS (prior), adv. before, sooner, irp6-t- 
pov. Cic. (iuem fuit ®quius, ut prius 
mtroieram in vitam, sic prins exire de 
vita. —■ Also, with quam following, be¬ 
fore that, before, npiv y. Cic. Cui prius 
quam de ceteris rebus respondeo, de 
amicitia pauca dicam.-IT Also, soon¬ 
er, rather, with quam, than, following. 
Cic. Carnificinam prius subierint, 
quam, &c. — Prop. Quam prins, for 
priusquam.-IT Also, formerly, before, 
once. Catull. 
PRIUSQUAM, or PRIUS QUAM. See 
Prius. 
PRIVOS (perhaps from pr®), a, um, adj. 
single. Cic. Privi homines, ft. e. sin- 
guli.-IT Also, every. Lucret. Hence, 
distributively, each. Liv. Privos lapi- 
des ferrent, A. e. each a stone. -TT Al¬ 
so, proper, one’s own, peculiar, particu¬ 
lar. Cato. Opercula doliorum priva, A. e. 
so that each vessel has its cover. Horat. 
Quern ducit priva triremis. Id. Sive 
aliud privum. Liv. Milites binis privis 
tunicis donat. 
PRo (unc.), preposit. before, in front of, 
right opposite to, irp6. Cic. Sedens pro 
®de Castoris. Cccs. Copias pro oppido 
701 
collocaverat, A. e. before. -IT Also, 
for in, in, on. Cats. Pro suggestu. Id. 
Pro tribunali, ft. e. on the tribunal. Liv. 
Pro condone. Sueton. Pro rostris. Ta- 
cit. Pro ripa. -IT Also, for, according 
to, conformably with, compared with. Cic. 
Agere pro vir'ibus. Id. Pro virili parte, 
A. e. to the best of his power. Coes. Pro 
tempore et pro re, A. e. according to Lime 
and circumstances. Liv. Pro tempore. 
Id. Prcelium atrocius quam pro numero 
pugnantium fuit. Id. Latius quam pro 
copiis. Cic. Pro mea parte, ft. e.for my 
part.. Hence, Id. Pro se quisque, ft. c. 
every one without distinction, all together, 
or, each according to his ability. — Pro co. 
with ac, atque, quam or quantum follow¬ 
ing, according as. Sulpic. in Cic. F.p. 
Pro eo ac debui, ft. e. according to my 
duty. Cic. Pro eo, quanti te facio, A. e. 
according to the regard which I have for 
you. Pandect. Pro eo est, atque si ad- 
hibitus non esset, ft. e. it is as though, 
&c. it is as good as if, &c. — Pro eo 
quod, because. Cic. Pro eo, quod eju 3 
noinen magnum erat. — Pro eo denotes, 
also, for it, for this, for that. Cic. Pro 
eo habeamus, ft. e. consider it so. Liv. 
Pro eo veniam petitam velim. — Prout, 
as, just as, according as. Cic. Prout 
hominis facilitates ferebant. Pro eo ut 
is sometimes used instead of it. Cic. 
Tamen pro eo, ut temporis difficultas 
till it. Terent. Pro imperio, ft. c. imperi¬ 
ously, in a domineering manner. Liv. Pro 
collegio decemvirorum, A. c. pro sen- 
tentia collegii. -IT Also, for, on ac¬ 
count of, by reason of. Cic. Solvere pro 
vectura. — Also, for, in the place of, in¬ 
stead of. Cic. Pro salutaribus mortife- 
ra. Liv. Pro console. Cic. Pro ma- 
gistro esse, or operas dare, A. e. to act in 
the place of a director, or, as a director, to 
be a director. Cces. Pro vallo carros ob- 
jecerant, ft. e. instead of a rampart. — 
Also, as, for, as good as. Liv. Scire pro 
certo, A. e. for certain. So, also, Cic. 
polliceri. Id. Pro infecto habere, ft. e. 
to consider as undone. Id. Pro damnato 
esset, A. e. as good as condemned. Te¬ 
rent. Hunc amavi pro meo, A. e. as my 
own. Liv. Pro victis abiere, ft. e. as 
conquered. Cic. Pro amico, ft. e. as a 
friend. Liv. Transire pro transfuga, 
ft. e. as a deserter. Liv. Pro amicis, ft. e. 
as friends, in a friendly manner. Cic. 
Pro eo ac si, &c. A. e. just as if, &c. — 
Also, for, to the advantage of, in favor of. 
Cic. Hoc pro me est. Liv. Pro se esse 
loci angustias ratus. - IT Also, by. 
Cic. Pro pr®de litis, &c. Id. Pro suflra- 
gio renunciatus. 
PRo, or PROII! interject, expressing 
wonder or lamentation, 0! ah! Cic. 
Pro aii immortales ! or, Id. Pro deorum 
atque hotninum (idem, or, Terent. Pro . 
deum immortalium ! sc. fidem, or, Liv. 
Pro deum fidem! ft. e. for heaven’s 
sake! gracious heaven! &c. Cic. Pro 
sancte Jupiter, A. e. good god! 0 
heavens! &c. Terent. Pro Jupiter! 
hominis stultitiam ! ft. e. 0 god, what a 
folly! Tertull. Pro mal® tractationis ! 
— Sometimes it may be rendered alas ! 
Liv_. Tantum, pro ! degeneramus, &c. 
PR5aG5R0S (irpofiyopos, npoayopn$), i, 
m. the chief magistrate in some towns of 
Sicily. Cic. 
PROXMITX (pro & amita), s, f. the sister 
3 of one’s great grandfather. Pandect. 
PRo a PC He (irpoapxil), es, f. the name 
3 of one of the JEons of the Valentinims. 
Tertull. 
PR0AUCT5R (pro & auctor), oris, m. a 
2 remote author, founder or ancestor, upo- 
Karapxiov. Sueton. generis. 
PR5XVIX (pro & avia), re, f. one’s grand¬ 
'll father’s or grandmother’s mother by either 
side-; a great grandmother, npopappy. 
Sueton. 
PROXVITOS (pro & avitus), a, um, adj. 
3 of or pertaining to a great grandfather or 
great grandmother; of or belonging to 
one’s ancestors, ancient. Ovid, regna. 
PRSXVuNCOLOS (pro & avunculus), i, 
3 one’s great grandmother’s brother. Pan¬ 
dect. 
PROXVOS (pro & avus), m. a great 
grandfather, second grandfather, up6 
iraiTKos. Cic. — Also, for an ancestor 
Horat. Proavi vestri, ft. e. your ances- 
3 N 2 
