PUG 
PUL 
PUL 
emperors wore it as a sign of their 
power over life and death. — ft was 
also worn by the prafccti prcetorio. Au- 
rel. Viet -Also, in the time of the 
emperors, by the tribuni militum and the 
centuriones. Tacit. -If Figur. Cic. 
Plumbeus pugio, k. e. a weak proof, 
wretched argument. 
POGIuNCOLOS (dimin. of pugio), i, m. a 
little or short dagger. Cic. 
PuGNA (pugnus), a;, f. a battle, fight, en¬ 
counter, engagement, combat, paxq- •A'e- 
pos. Pugnam navalem facere. Liu. 
Pugnare pugnam claram. Cic. Pugna 
equestris. Virg. pedestris. Macrob. 
singularis, h. e. single combat, a duel. 
Liv. Pugnam laudare, h. e. the fighting 
of a single person. Cic. committere 
cum aliquo, h. e. to join battle. Virg. 
iacessere, h. e. to begin, commence. Cic. 
Pugna mala, h. e. an unfortunate battle. 
Liv. Segregare pugnam eorum, for pug 
nantes eos, to separate them, and fight 
with each by himself. Liv. Pugnam me¬ 
dium tueri, h. e. the soldiers in the centre. 
— IT Figur. a contest, strife, dispute, 
debate. Cic. doctissimorum hominum. 
Plin. literarum, h. e. of the learned. Cic. 
Pugnas edere. -11 Also, an artifice, 
cunning trick. Plaut. Aliquid pugnre 
edidit. Terent. Dabit pugnam denuo. 
-IT Pugna is the most general ex¬ 
pression for a fight between individuals 
or bodies of men, with or without arms; 
Prcelium, battle, engagement between 
two armies (compare Cm. B. G. 3, 4. 
Diuturnitate pugna) hostes defessi proe- 
lio excedebant); Certamen, a contest 
for something, contest of rivalry, with 
or without arms; Contentio, with the 
signif. of certamen, conveys also the 
idea of an exertion of strength in the 
contest; Concursus, or Concursus pray 
hi, meeting, encounter, falling together 
in battle, with the accessory idea of 
haste, rapidity ; Congressus is likewise 
the encounter, shock of armies in bat¬ 
tle ; Dimicatio, a decisive engagement, 
for the most part implying danger and 
effort; Pugilatio, the fighting of boxers 
with the cestus. 
PuGNaCITaS (pugnax), atis, f. an in- 
2 donation or eagerness to fight; quarrel¬ 
someness, pugnacity. Pint. Capiuntur 
quoque pugnacitate ejusdein libidinis. 
Also, figur. Quintil. argumentorum. 
PuGNaCITER (Id.), adv. contentiously, 
obstinately, stubbornly, eagerly, strongly, 
keenly, vehemently, impetuously, ardently, 
violently, furiously, evaTartKws. Cic. 
Pugnacitercertare. Quintil. Pugnacius. 
Cic. Pugnacissime. 
PuGNaCOLUM (pugno), i, n. a fortified 
A place from which one fights against an 
enemy, a fort, fortress, i bulwark, irpoua- 
Xeiv. Plaut. 
PuGNaToR (Id.), oris, m. a fighter, com- 
2 batant, yaxyriji. Liv. Fortissimus quis- 
que pugnator esse desierat, h. e. had left 
off fighting. Plin. gallus. 
PuGNaToRIOS (pugnator), a, urn, adj. 
■t used in fighting, fit to fight with, pdxi- 
uoj. _ Sue'ton. anna. 
PuGNaTRiX (Id.), icis, f. contentious, 
A pugnacious, warlike, she that fights. Am- 
mian. 
PuGNaX (pugno), acis, fond of fighting, 
warlike, ferocious, pugnacious, paxoaiov, 
tfAij/cnj?. Cic. centurio. Ovid. Miner- 
Id. ensis. Tacit. Pugnacissimus. 
Also, with an infinit. following. Sil. 
1 enui pugnax instare veruto.-IT A1 
so, figur. contentious, warlike, fierce, ve¬ 
hement. Cic. exordium dicendi. Id. 
Gratio ftugnacior. Also, with a dat. 
tollowing. Ovid. Ignis aquoe pugnax, 
h.e. repugnant, contrary. - H Also, 
vojractory, obstinate, pertinacious. Cic. 
contra senatorem. Cal. in Cic. Ep. 
in vitiis. Plin. Quid ferri duritia pug- 
naems? h. e. stubborn. Id. musta, h. c. 
strong. 
PuGXkos (pugnus), a, urn, adj. of the fist. 
PfrP mmPJfS® > for blows with the fist. 
( Id -), adv. with the fists. 3 Cm. 
(pugna), as, avi, atum, n. 1. to 
combat, engage, contend, with one 
person or with a whole army, g&xo- 
I t- ‘ . Cces. Pugnatur omnibus locis. 
ni ‘ 111 hostem. JVepos. adversus ali- 
1 ei11, Varr. inter se. Cic. ex equo, 
91 
h. e. on horseback. Id. Pro cornmo- 
dis patri®. Terent. de loco, h. c. for 
a place. Senec. de genu, h. c. kneel¬ 
ing. — It is also joined with pugnam, 
prcclium, bcllum. Liv. claram pugnam. 
Cic. Acerrima pugna pugnata. Herat. 
I ugnavit proslia. Sallust. Prrelium 
male pugnatum. Horat. Bella pugnata. 
Also, in poets, with a dat. to contend 
against, oppose, resist, struggle or strive 
against. Virg. amori. 5vid. Frigida 
pugnabant calidis. - IT Also, figur. 
to be at variance, contradict, contradict 
one’s self, to be repugnant, inconsistent 
contradictory. Cic. Pugnantia loqui. 
Id. secum. - IT Also, figur. to en¬ 
deavor^ to maintain or prevent any thing , 
to strive, take pains, exert one’s self. 
With ut following. Cic. Hoc pugna- 
tur, ut ad illam prredam damnatio ac- 
cedat. — Also, with ne following. Cic. 
Iliad pugna, ne quid nobis temporis 
prorogetur. — Also, with an infinit. fol¬ 
lowing. Ovid. Pugnat, molles evincere 
somnos. Cic. de Itiis, h. e. to maintain 
their existence -IT Also, to make use 
of artifices. Plaut. 
PuGNOS (unc.), i, in. a fist, nvypq, k6vSv- 
Aof. Cic. Pugnum facere, h. e. to make 
a fist; to clench the hand. Pandect, ducere 
alicui, h. c. to strike with the fist, fetch him a 
blow or cuff. Horat. Pugno victus, h.e. 
in boxing. So, also, Id. Superare pugnis, 
h. e. pugilatu -IT Also, as a measure, 
a handful. Cato. 
PuLCHeLLOS, and PuLCeLL&S (dimin. 
of pulcher), a, um, adj. somewhat fair, 
or beautiful, pretty. Cic. 
PuLCHER (from nbXvxpos, or ttoXvxp°os), 
chra, chrum, or PuLCER, era, cram, 
adj. properly, of many colors. — Hence, 
fair, beautiful, beauteous, handsome, in 
shape and appearance, uaXA;. Cic. 
puer. Ovid, hortus. Cic. Quid as- 
pectu pulchrius ? Cats. Urbs pulcherri- 
—— IT Also, excellent, magnificent, 
splendid, honorable, noble, glorious, re¬ 
nowned, illustrious. Cais. exemplum. 
Cic. Nihil virtute pulchrius. Sallust. 
facinus. Horat. dies, h. e. lucky, au-. 
spicious. Virg. mors, h. e. glorious. 
Cic. Ne se pulchrum ac beatum puta- 
ret, li. e. that he might nut be loo proud of 
himself. —Also, with a genit. following. 
Sil. ir®, h. e. ob iram. 
PuLCHRaLIS, or PuLCRaLIS (pul- 
3 _cher), e, adj. beautiful. Cato. 
PuLCHRe, or PuLCRii (pulcher, or pul- 
cer), adv. excellently,finely, uaXios. Cic. 
dicere. Id. Pulclire asseverat, h. e. ex¬ 
cellently, cunningly. Id. Pulcherrime. 
— It may also frequently be rendered, 
well, very well. Terent. Macerentur pul- 
chre. Id. callere. Ovid, placere. JMep. 
aliquid facere. Hence, Plaut. Pulchre 
vendere, h. e. well, at a high rate. Id. 
conciiiare, h. e. to purchase cheaply, or, 
to make a good bargain. Cic. Pulchre 
est mihi, li. e. I am well. Plaut. Pul¬ 
chre sum, h. e. I am well, indulge my¬ 
self. — Also, in assenting, well,”finely, 
excellently. Terent. and Horat. _ 
IT Also, freely, abundantly, copiously. 
Plaut. Pulchrius ligna prreberi. _ 
IT Also, ironically, badly, entirely, utter¬ 
ly. Plaut. Peristi pulcre. 
P0LCIIRESO5, or P0LCRESC5 (Id.), is, 
3 n. 3. to become beautiful. Seren. Sammon. 
PuLCHIUTaS, or PuLCPHTaS (Id.), 
3 atis, f. beauty. Ccecil. 
PuLCIlRITuDS, or PuLCRITuDS (Id.), 
inis, f. beauty, fairness, comeliness, ex¬ 
cellence, kuXXos. Cic. corporis. Id. vir¬ 
tues. Id. verborum. 
PuLeIaTUS (puleium), a, um, adj. fur- 
3 nished or seasoned with pennyroyal. Lam- 
prid. Puleiatum, sc. vinum, h. e. wine 
seasoned with pennyroyal. 
PuLeIUM, and PuLeGIUM (probably 
from pulex), ii, n. pennyroyal, fleabane, 
fieawort., an odoriferous herb (Mentha 
pulegium, L.). Cic. — Hence, Cic. Ad 
cujus rutam puleio mihi tui sermonis 
utendum est, h. e. pleasantness, agreea¬ 
bleness. s 
PuLEX (unc.), Icis, m. a flea, xf/vXXa. 
2 Plant, and Cels. -IT Also, an insect 
that gnaws herbs, springtail. Colum. 
PuLrCoSOS (pulex), a, um, adj. full of 
fleas, troubled or infested with fleas, ipvX- 
XwSqs- Colum. 
721 
PuLLARroS (pullus), a, um, adj. of or be¬ 
longing to young animals. Vcget. col- 
lectio. — Hence, Pullarius, one that fed 
the young sacred chickens, and predicted 
future events by their taking or rejecting 
the food. Cic. -II Also, relating to 
little children. Auson. feles, li. e. a%nan 
who takes and carries away little boys, as 
cats catch young birds, a kidnapper. 
PuLLaSTRa (id.), re, f. S c. gallina, a 
•J young hen, pullet. Varr. 
1 OLLaPIS (pullo), finis, f. a hatching or 
3 breeding of chickens, iroXaroida. Colum. 
1 uLLaTOS (pullus), a, um, adj. clothed 
~ in sable attire, clothed in mourning, pcXa- 
vEipcon. Juvenal. -IT Also, one whose 
toga does not look white and clean, but 
dirty and black. — Hence, common, bad, 
mean. Plin. Ep. Pnliati, h. c. low, mean 
people. 
PuLLkIaCEOS, a, um, adj. used by the 
2 emperor Augustus for Pullus, black. 
Sucton. 
PuLLICeNOS (dimin. of pullus), i, in. 
3 a young bird, a chick, chicken. Lamp rid. 
1 OLL 1 G 8 (pullus), Inis, f. a black or dark 
color\ Plin. ovium. 
PuLLINOS (Id.), a, um, adj. of younir 
2 animals. Plin. dentes, li. e. the first, teeth. 
PuLLTPREMX (pullus & preino), re, m. or 
3 POLLTPREMQ, finis, m. a pederast, rrai- 
cepaoriis, iraiSotpSlSpog. Auson. 
PuLLITIeS (pullus), ei, f. a younir brood. 
3 Colum. 
POLLS (Id.), as, n. 1. to put forth, sprout 
A out, germinate. Calpurn. 
PuLLOLaSCS (pullulo), is, n. 3. to sprout 
A out, bud, bourgeon, fiXaaravw. Colum. 
PuLLuLS (pullulus), as, avi, atum, n. 1 . 
3 to spring or sprout up, germinate, iour- 
geon, irapaibvia), (iXaiyrdvip. Virg. and 
Colum. — ligur. JVep. Pullulareincipie- 
bat luxuria, h. e. to spread, grow, in¬ 
crease. Virg. Tot pullulat atra colu- 
bris.-IT Also, to bring forth or be¬ 
get young. Apul. Terras Venerem pul- 
lulasse. 
PuLLOLOS (dimin. of pullus), a, um, adj 
young. — Hence, subst. Pullulus, a 
young animal, a chick, young dove, &c. 
Apul. Bellus pullulus, h. e. darling , 
chick, &c. as a term of endearment. — 
Also, a young twig, shoot. Plin. _ 
IT Also, adj. somewhat black, blackish. Co¬ 
lum. terra. 
PuLLOS (from puellus, the dimin. of pu- 
ei, for puerulus,) a, um, adj. young. 
Plaut. Meus pullus passer. — Hence, 
Pullus, subst. any thing young, a younir 
animal. Plin. Pullus equinus, h. e. a 
foal, colt. Varr. asininus. — Particular¬ 
ly of birds. Cic. Pulli columbini. Liv. 
gallinacei, li. e. chickens. Plin. aquilre. 
Cic. Pulli ex ovis orti, h. e. young chick¬ 
en. Also, absolutely, Horat. Pullus, 
A. e. a young chicken. — Hence, particu¬ 
larly, of the chickens used in divination. 
(See Pullarius.) From their taking or 
rejecting the food offered to them, the 
fortunate or unfortunate issue of a bat¬ 
tle was foretold. Cic. and Liv. — Also, 
a young branch, sprout, or shoot. Cato. 
— Also, as a term of endearment ap¬ 
plied to children. Thus Caligula, when 
a boy, was called pullus et pupus. Sue- 
ton. Thus, in Horace, a father calls 
his son who was too little, pullus. And 
Festus says, Antiqui puerum, quern quis 
amabat, pullum ejus dicebant. 
PuLLtJS (dimin. of purus, for purulus), 
A a, um, adj. pure, clean. Varr. ap. JVon. 
Veste pulla candidi. 
PuLLOS (neXXdi), a, um, adj. black, black¬ 
ish, of a dusky color, commonly when so 
by nature, or made so by dirt and not by 
art, i/iaidi, Spjnvos. Horat. myrtus, h. e. 
dark-green. Varr. Lepus superiore parte 
pulla. Colum. color Ians. Ovid, ca- 
pilli. — Hence, of garments, Pulla ves- 
tis, toga, tunica, &c. black with dirt and 
long wearing. Such clothes were worn 
by mechanics and common people, 
either through poverty, or that they 
might not soil their white toga when at 
work. Hence, Calpurn. Pulla pauper- 
tas. Also, by mourners. Cic. and 
Ovid. — Pullum, plur. Pulla, is also 
used as a substantive, black color, black 
.dress. Ovid. Carbasa obscura pullo. Id. 
Pulla decent niveas. Flor. Dux cum 
pullo conspectus, h. c. in a black dress 
3 P 
