896 
BIRD-LIFE. 
passage of the Old World, migrate every autumn to the 
south, returning again in the spring. Add to these 
such species as are entirely foreign to us,—but whose 
requirements, however, render a winter residence in the 
impoverished tracts of the north impossible,—and we 
have a list of the North-American migrants, which will 
be correct in the main; for the birds of passage of both 
hemispheres are almost, if not quite, the same. 
As to the migratory season, and the manner in which' 
the journey is performed, &c., it will be sufficient to bear 
in mind what we have already said with regard to the 
birds of passage of the Old World. 
In the Southern Hemisphere there are also regular 
migrants, though their number is limited, and for the 
reason that those countries—situated in a portion of 
the Globe, where the rigour of the climate necessitates 
migration—possess comparatively but few birds of any 
description. Those species which are unable to defy the 
icy bonds of the winter season move to the northward, 
returning south again in the spring. Yery few birds 
remain on the inhospitable islands of Terra del Fuego 
between the months of March and September. The wing¬ 
less Penguins, even, leave Terra del Fuego, as well as the 
Falkland Islands, after the breeding season, and swim to 
more southern seas. In Patagonia and Southern Chili— 
aye, even the Argentine republic—many of the birds 
which breed in the summer move northward on the 
approach of winter, and seek shelter in warmer climes. 
The same rule holds good, according to Gould, in South 
Australia, in spite of the favourable situation of New 
Holland: here, also, several species migrate regularly to 
the southward, visiting the southern portion of the 
Continent and Tasmania in the summer to breed, moving 
