404 
BIRD-LIFE. 
Rock-sparrow, Linnet, Goldfinch, Yellowhammer, Crested 
Lark, Wren, Dipper, all the Titmice, Partridges, and 
possibly the Shearwater. 
In the warmer zones the third class of migration 
resembles the first and second in many respects, without 
degenerating into either. In the tropics our winter and 
spring are replaced by the rainy and dry seasons. It 
must be borne in mind, however, when making the com¬ 
parison, that the dry season is the time of scarcity instead 
of plenty. The dry season, which is equivalent to our 
winter, obliges birds to quit their usual haunts, as it causes 
a dearth of food, sometimes compelling them to migrate 
hundreds of miles in search of it. In this manner the small 
Black Stork (Ciconia Abdimii), which nests on the conical 
roofs of the straw huts of the Aborigines of East Soudan, 
migrates in the commencement of the dry season to the 
southward towards the far interior, a district as yet little 
known to us, where water is probably plentiful. In the same 
way, and at the same season, the Sacred Ibis withdraws 
from Sennaar, as it had previously done from Egypt. Many 
Bee-eaters also retire with the Storks; and when the 
heavy rains swell the mountain streams the Stork and 
the Bee-eaters return with the rising flood; and to this 
day the Sacred Ibis heralds the approach of the Nile god. 
This might be classed with the first and second kinds of 
migration, were it not that these birds, as well as many 
others, always stop in their native district when water is 
to be found during the dry season, the necessity for 
shifting their quarters being thus removed. 
From the experiences and careful observations made 
by Prince Maximilian, of Neuwied, we learn that Brazil 
is, in this respect, governed by conditions different to 
those which rule Central Africa. A country where the 
