92 
U. S. P. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS-ZOOLOGY-GENERAL REPORT. 
rim of the orhit. The mouth is oblique, and the lower jaw protruding beyond the upper. 
The greatest depth of the body, taken under the second dorsal spine, is equal to the length of 
the head. The peduncle of the tail is very narrow. The dorsal spines are well developed, 
acerated, and quite inconspicuously serrated upon their edges. The anterior one is inserted 
opposite the upper edge of the base of the pectorals ; it is smaller than the second, and, when 
bent horizontally backwards, its extremity is made to extend beyond the base of the latter, which, 
in its turn, barely reaches the insertion of the third, when in a similar position. The second 
dorsal is composed of ten deeply bifurcated rays ; the origin of that fin is situated posteriorly to 
the tips of the ossa innominata. The caudal, which enters seven times and a half in the total 
length, is emarginated posteriorly, and composed, as usual, of ten bifurcated, two simple rays, 
and several rudiments. The anal spine is of the same size as the third dorsal; it is followed by 
six or seven articulated or soft rays, the posterior extremities of which falling evenly with those 
of the opposite fin, the central ones being slightly bifurcated. The ventral spine is the largest 
of all, acerated, serrated upon its upper edge, and its extremity projecting considerably beyond 
the tips of the ossa innominata, reaching a vertical line dropped from the origin of the soft 
dorsal fin. The insertion of the ventrals is situated in advance of the second dorsal spine. 
The pectorals are exteriorly rounded or sub-truncated, and composed of ten undivided rays. 
D I, I, I, 9 ; A I, 6 ; C 3, 1, 5, 5, 1, 2 ; V I, 1; P 10. 
There are seven plates upon the thoracic region ; the three anterior are very small, and situated 
above the suprascapular ; the two next are the most developed, extending under the cubital 
process, whilst the remaining two are somewhat shorter, and placed posteriorly to that same 
process. The surface of the plates themselves is minutely granular. 
The ground color is yellowish brown, spotted or else transversally banded with greyish black, 
the spots or bands being the result of crowded dots. The dorsal region is darker than the sides, 
and so also the upper portion of the head. Beneath, dull yellow, occasionally dotted. 
Specimens, the largest of which measures one inch and three quarters, were taken in Ka-wee- 
ya river, sometimes known as the Four creeks, and is a tributary of the northernmost of the 
Tulare lakes. 
List of specimens, 
Catalogue number. 
No. of specimens. 
Locality. 
When collected. 
Whence obtained. 
Nature of specimens. 
Collected by— 
338 
12 
Four creeks, Tulare Valley.... 
1853 
Lt. R. S. Williamson_ 
Alcoholic. 
Dr. Heermann_ 
6. GASTEKOSTEUS PUGETTI, Grd. 
Spec. Char. —Body partly plated ; peduncle of tail not keeled. Dorsal spines three, slender, not serrated upon their edges ; 
anterior inserted immediately behind the base of pectorals. Insertion of ventrals in advance of the second dorsal spine, their 
own spine being slender, serrated upon its edges, and extending beyond the tips of the ossa innominata. Posterior margin of 
caudal slightly emarginated. 
Syn. —Gasterosteus pugetti, Grd. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. VIII, 1856, 135. 
The species here introduced is, so far, the smallest of all the species observed in California and 
