FISHES—CYCLOPTERIDAE-CYCLOGASTER. 
131 
by the union of the ventrals. The membranous expansion is very considerable under the 
throat and overlaps the branchial apertures, which, as already stated, are continuous. The 
surface of the discoid expansion exhibits large pavement-like papillae upon its anterior 
periphery. The posterior portion of the pectorals are quite independent from the ventral disc. 
They are situated sidewise in the rear of the ones just described and inserted upon the thoracic 
arch. Subovate in shape, the rays of which they are composed are very slender, articulated • 
undivided interiorly and dichotomised superiorly, the inferior rays being much more slender than 
the upper ones. They are quite numerous. Their absolute number we could not ascertain. 
Br. VI: VI ; D 14 ; A 13 ; C 3, 1, 5, 4, 1, 3 ; V 10 ; P 23. 
The skin is naked, scaleless, and rather leathery than soft and flabby, as in other genera of 
this family. There are neither filaments nor flaps of any kind about the head or elsewhere. 
A small conical papilla genitalis was observed upon the specimen before us, and which is a female 
full of roe. A small specimen of a species of Patella was found in its stomach. 
The ground color is olivaceous brown above, the inferior surface of the head and belly being 
of a dull yellow. Upon the upper surface of the head and body and sides of the tail extends 
a beautiful mesh work of black lines. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. 
No. 
No. of 
spec. 
Sex and 
age. 
Locality. 
When col¬ 
lected. 
Whence obtained. 
Nature o 
specimen. 
Collected by— 
516 
i 
Adult.. 
San Luis Obispo, Cal_ 
1853 
Lt. W. P. Trowbridge. 
Alcoholic. 
Lt. W. P Trowbridge 
517 
i 
Young. 
S. Faralones, Cal_ 
1855 
_do_ 
_do_ 
___do .. 
518 
i 
_do_ 
1855 
_ do 
do 
__. .do__ 
CYCLOGASTER, Gronov. 
Gen. Char. —Head rather small or moderate in size, sub-conical, the snout somewhat protruding. Mouth broadly open, but 
not deeply cleft; small and conical teeth upon the premaxillaries and lower jaw (dentaries). None on either the vomer or 
palatines. Branchial apertures small and separated. Body scaleless and flabby, compressed and tapering. One dorsal fin quite 
long and continuous with the caudal. Anal fin similarly elongated and continuous with the caudal also, which is lanceolated. 
Pectoral fins well developed, extending anteriorly beneath the thoracic region, not quite united and surrounding the abdominal 
diseformed by the ventrals. 
Svn. — Cyclogaster, Gronov. Mus. Ichthyol. II, 1756; Act Helv. IY, 265; pi. xxm ; &, Zoophyl. 1763.— Artedi, Gen. 
Pise. ed. Walbaumi, 1792, 634.—Dum. Ichthyol. Anal. 1856, 164. 
Liparis, Artedi, Syn. Pise. Editio Ha, 1793, 117_ Kroyer, Danm. Fiske II, 1845, 518.— Storer, Synops. 1846, 230. 
It is stated by Professor Johannes Miiller, 1 that in Liparis the fifteen anterior dorsal rays are 
not articulated, resembling, therefore, the spinous rays of the other acanthopterians. In the 
species, however, which we have examined, the same rays we saw distinctly articulated, though 
undivided. 
Pallas, in his Spicilegia Zoologica, VII, 19 ; pi. iii, figs. 1-6, and, Zoographia Rosso-Asiatica, 
vol. Ill, ed. of 1834, p. 74, describes and figures under the name of Cyclopterus gelatinosus , a 
species of Cyclogaster. It has been recorded in more recent works under the head of Liparis. 
It is an inhabitant of Kamtschatka, and undoubtedly related to C. pulchellus, from which it is, 
however, quite distinct. 
1 Wiegm. Archiv. f. Naturg. 1843, I, 295. 
