FISHES—CYPRINIDAE—PTYCHOCHEILUS GRANDIS. 
299 
The upper edge of the dorsal fin is sub-concave, otherwise trapezoid in shape. The anal fin 
is somewhat smaller than the dorsal, similar to it in shape, even sub-concave upon its postercr 
inferior edge ; its anterior margin is nearly equidistant between the isthmus and the tip of the 
inferior lobe of the caudal; its base entering about twelve times and a half in the total length. 
The ventrals are posteriorly sub-truncated, somewhat rounded off; their extremities just reach 
the vent. The pectorals are elongated, posteriorly rounded, and, when expanded, sub-ovate in 
their outline. 
D 2, 9 + 1 ; A 2, 8 + 1 ; C 8, 1, 9, 8, 1, 8 ; V 1, 9 ; P 16. 
The scales are deeper than long, somewhat irregular in their outline, with distant radiating 
furrows upon the posterior half, all directed backwards. 
The upper surface of the head and the dorsal region are dark reddish brown, whilst the 
sides and the abdomen are whitish, with a silvery reflect. The fins are unicolor, either greyish 
olive or yellowish, according to the region of the body where they are inserted. 
j References to the figures .—Plate LXIY, fig. 5, represents, size of life, a young individual of 
Ptychocheilus oregonensis, from Fort Vancouver. Fig. 6 is the inferior surface of the head, in 
order to exhibit the outline of the mouth. Fig. 1, a dorsal scale. Fig. 8, a scale from the 
lateral line. Fig. 9, a scale from the abdominal region. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. 
No. 
Cor. No. 
of teeth. 
No. of 
spec. 
Age. 
Locality. 
When 
collected. 
Whence obtained. 
Nature of 
specimen. 
Collected by— 
189 
2763 
3 
Adult. 
Wahlahmath river. 
1855 
Lt. R S. Williamson. 
Alcoholic. 
Dr. John S. Newberry. 
199 
2762 
2 
. .do.. 
Astoria, Oregon. 
1854 
Lt. W. P. Trowbridge. 
... .do.... 
Lt. Trowbridge. 
200 
1 
1853 
Gov. I. I. Stevens .. 
Sound. 
201 
1 
Young 
2. PTYCHOCHEILUS GRANDIS, Grd. 
Spec. Char.- Body very much elongated, sub-fusiform in profile. Head well developed, elongated, contained about four 
times and a half in the total length. Mouth deeply cleft; posterior extremity of the maxillary extending to a vertical line 
intersecting the middle of the pupil. Eye small ; its diameter entering about ten times in the length of the side of the head. 
Isthmus very narrow. Anterior margin of dorsal fin a little nearer the extremity of the snout than the tip of the upper lobe 
of the caudal. Fins well developed. Scales moderate. Upper regions olivaceous ; flank and belly whitish or yellowish. 
Stn. —Gila grandis, Ayres, in Proc. Cal. Acad. Nat. Sc. I, 1854, 18. 
Ptychocheilus major, Agass. in Amer. Journ. of Sc. 2d Ser. XIX, 1855, 229. 
Ptychocheilus grandis, Grd. in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. VIII, 1856, 209. 
The largest specimen which we have examined measures over twenty-one inches in total 
length. The head is somewhat sub-quadrangular or sub-pyramidal, more or less depressed 
upon the frontal region. The upper edge of the dorsal and the inferior edge of the anal fins are 
nearly linear, somewhat sub-concave ; the anterior margin of the anal is nearer the tip of the 
lower lobe of the caudal than the isthmus. The insertion of the ventrals is much nearer the 
extremity of the snout than the tip of the caudal fin. These fins are broad and posteriorly 
rounded off, not reaching the vent with their extremities. The pectorals are likewise very 
