22 
U. S. P. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS-ROUTE IN CALIFORNIA. 
ties pale olive ; a narrow, dark colored vitta extending from the anterior margin of the eye to 
the snout, another much broader from the posterior margin of the eye to the shoulder ; margin 
of upper jaw of same color as the vitta ; posterior part of abdomen and under surface of 
extremities orange colored ; chin and throat, whitish ; abdomen thickly granulated. 
Dimensions. —Length of head and body 1-| inch ; of head, ■§; breadth, •§; length of anterior 
extremities, % ; of posterior, 1$. 
Habitat. —Tejon Pass. 
Gen. Obs.—I t will he observed that it wants the squalus tooth-like mark upon the head, 
and the markings upon the back, which belong to scapularis. 
FAMILY III. 
SALAMANDBIDiE. 
Char. 1. The presence of a tail at all periods of their existence readily distinguishes the 
animals of this family from those of the last, though it varies in length and form. 
Char. 2. The body is elongated, round, and covered with a skin adherent to the muscles 
beneath. 
Char. 3. The tongue varies in shape, size, and mode of attachment. The teeth also vary 
greatly in the different genera. 
Char. 4. The tympanum is not visible. 
MUTABILIA, Fitz. 
Char —The animals of this tribe undergo a complete metamorphosis; the young breathe 
only in water, and with gills, like fishes, but in their adult state respiration is performed with 
lungs. (Holbrook.) 
Sub-Family PLETHODONTIDiE. 
ANEIDES, Baird 
Char. —Head large, swollen at the temples, snout angular, eyes very prominent; tongu e 
obcordate, more or less truncate posteriorly, attached in front, and along the middle, sides quite 
free, quite free posteriorly, but less so than at the sides ; maxillary teeth greatly developed, 
especially those of the lower jaw, which are spear-shaped, sharp-pointed, more or less convex 
anteriorly, concave posteriorly, with a ridge in the middle, about f of a line in length ; vomerine 
teeth in two convergent rows, behind the internal nares meeting posteriorly, their convex surfaces 
presenting inward ; sphenoidal teeth very numerous, sharp pointed, thickly set like a brush in two 
rows, closely in contact in the anterior third, posteriorly a very narrow linear interspace, not 
enlarged behind ; in the original specimen, this narrow interspace is not so distinct, so that they 
might almost with propriety be described as a single row; extremities slender; fingers and toes 
slightly compressed, free ; 1st finger much shorter than 4th ; 2d shorter than 3d ; 1st toe much 
shorter than 5th ; 2d than 3d ; 3d and 4th of equal length ; skin smooth, costal grooves well 
marked, twelve or thirteen in number, tail round, tapering to a point, very slightly compressed 
at tip, about same length as head, neck, and body. 
