84 
U. S. P. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS—ZOOLOGY—GENERAL REPORT, 
Comparative measurements of species. 
Catal. 
No. 
806 
do 
1562 
do 
2803 
2800 
2798 
6079 
6078 
6087 
do 
6690 
876 
do 
1291 
do 
3905 
6098 
6101 
do 
1878 
3057 
do 
4482 
5400 
6105 
9933 
Species. 
* 
Locality. 
Sex & 
age. 
Picus villosus... .... 
Carlisle, Pa. 
9 
9 3 
.do... 
Picus (audubonii).... 
Picus (phillipsii). 
Picus (martinae).... 
Picus harrisii. 
.do. 
Louisiana?. 
Massachusetts... 
Canada. 
Little Colorado .. 
: ; 
3 
OCH- 
Picus pubescens. 
.do. 
Carlisle, Pa. 
S 
.; do. 
Picus gairdneri. 
California. 
Sacramento val.. 
9 
Shoal water bay.. 
3 
3 
9 
.do. 
Picus nuttallii. 
Santa Clara, Cal.. 
9 
9 
9 
Picus albolarvatus.... 
Spokan river. 
Length. 
8.56 
9.00 
7.04 
8.50 
7.28 
9.28 
8.76 
8.72 
8.20 
9.28 
9.50 
8.76 
6.14 
6.75 
6.00 
6.15 
6.00 
5.74 
5.86 
6.75 
7.20 
7.92 
8.00 
6.64 
6.26 
6.24 
6.20 
8.58 
Stretch 
of wings. 
W ing. 
Tail. 
Tarsus. 
Middle 
toe. 
Its claw 
alone. 
Bill 
above. 
Along 
gape. 
Specimen 
measured. 
4.52 
3.72 
0.88 
0.98 
0.40 
1.18 
1 18 
15.00 
4.16 
4.24 
2.90 
0.84 
0.88 
0.34 
1.00 
1.00 
14.80 
4.50 
4.06 
2.78 
0.84 
0.84 
0.34 
0.96 
0.96 
4.66 
3.74 
0.94 
1.00 
0.40 
1.26 
1.30 
4.34 
3.88 
0.86 
0.96 
0.38 
1.12 
1.13 
Skin. 
5.10 
4.14 
0.90 
1.00 
0.40 
1.40 
1.40 
4.86 
4.06 
0.84 
0.84 
0.34 
1.12 
1.14 
5.00 
3.60 
0.98 
1.04 
0.40 
1.40 
1.40 
16.50 
5.00 
3.64 
0.90 
0.92 
0.40 
1.28 
1.28 
3.86 
2.88 
0.62 
0,70 
0.30 
0.72 
0.74 
12.25 
3.75 
3.74 
2.74 
0.64 
0.72 
0.28 
0.72 
0.74 
12.25 
3.80 
3.74 
2.80 
0.68 
0.74 
0.28 
0.70 
0.70 
3.68 
2.76 
0.68 
0.62 
0.28 
0.70 
0.72 
3.86 
2.54 
0.64 
0.74 
0.32 
0.74 
0.76 
11.50 
4.56 
3.40 
0.74 
0.84 
0.34 
0.90 
0.98 
Skin.. 
4.70 
3.58 
0.80 
0.88 
0.36 
0.90 
1.00 
15.00 
4.14 
3.94 
3.08 
0.70 
0.80 
- 0.32 
0.98 
0.98 
Skin... .. 
4.10 
2.90 
0.72 
0.74 
0.32 
0.90 
0.90 
3.90 
2.74 
0.70 
0.84 
0.34 
0,98 
1.00 
3.78 
2.72 
0.50 
0.50 
0.32 
0.84 
0.86 
5.14 
4.24 
0.86 
0.86 
0.40 
1.16 
1.06 
Skin. 
PIOUS VILLOSUS, Linn feus. 
Hairy Woodpecker; Sapsucker* 
Variety major,— Northern and Western regions. 
? Picus leucomelas, Boddaert, Tabl. PI. Enl. 1783, (No. 345, f. 1,) (Gray.) 
? Picus canadensis, Gmei.in, Syst. Nat. 1,1788,437. 
? Latham, Ind. Orn. I, 1790,231. 
Add. Orn. Biog. V, 1839, 188; pi. 417.— Ib. Syn. 1839, 177.— Ib. Birds America, IV, 1842, 235; 
pi. 258. —Bonap. Consp. 1850, 137. — Ib. Aten. Ital. 1854, 8. 
Pints villosus, Forster, Philos. Trans. LXII, 1772, 383. 
Picus ( Dendrocopus ) villosus, Sw. F. Bor. Am. II, 1831, 305. 
Picus phillipsii, Add. Orn. Biog. V, 1839, 186; pi. 417 .—Ib. Syn. 1839, 177 .—Ib. Birds Amer. IV, 1842, 238 ; pi. 
259, (immature, with yellow crown.)— Ndtt. Man. I, 2d ed. 1840, 686. 
Picus septentrionalis, Ndttall, Man. I, 2d ed. 1840, 684. 
Variety medius.— Middle States. 
Picus villosus, Linn. Syst. Nat. I, 1766, 175.— Vieillot, Ois. Am. Sept. II, 1807, 64 ; pi. cxx.— Wilson, Am. Orn. 
I, 1808, 150 ; pi. ix.— Wagler, Syst. Av. 1827, No. 22.— Add. Orn. Biog. V, 1839, 164 ; pi. 416. 
Ib. Birds Amer. IV, 1842, 244 ; pi. 262.— Bonap Conspectus, 1850, 137. 
Picus leucomelanus , Wagler, Syst. Av. 1827, No. 18, (young male in summer.) 
Picus martinae, Add. Orn. Biog. V, 1839, 181 ; pi. 417.— Ib. Syn. 1839, 178.— Ib. Birds Amer. IV, 1842, 240 ; pi. 
260, (young male, with red feathers on ciown.) 
Picus rubricapillus, Ndtt. Man. I, 2d ed. 1840, 685, (same as preceding.) 
Hairy woodpecker, Pennant, Latham. 
