OS 
U. S. P. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS—ZOOLOGY—GENERAL REPORT. 
PICUS BOREALIS, Vieill. 
RetLcockaded Woodpecker. 
Picus borealis, Vieillot, Oss. Am. Sept. II, 1807, 66 ; pi. 122 .—Stephens in Shaw’s Gen. Zool. IX, 1817, 174. 
Picus querulus, Wilson, Am. Orn. II, 1810, 103 ; pi. xv, f. 1.— Wagler, Syst. Av. 1827, No. 21. — Ib. Isis, 1829, 
510.— Aud. Orn. Biog. V, 1839, 12 ; pi. 389.— Ib. Birds America, IV, 1842, 254 ; pi. 264.— Bp. Consp. 1850, 
137. 
Picus (Phrenopicus) querulus, Bp. Consp. Zyg. Aten. Ital. 1854, 8. 
Picus leucotis, Illiger, (fide Lichtenstein in letter to Wagler ; perhaps only a catalogue name.)—L icht. Verzeich. 
1823, 12, No. 81. 
Picus vieillolii, Wagler, Syst. Av. 1827, No. 20. 
Sp. Ch.—F ourth quill longest. Upper parts, with top and sides of the head, black. Back, rump, and scapulars 
banded transversely with white ; webs of quills spotted with white. Bristles of bill, under parts generally, and a silky patch on 
the side of the head, white. Sides of breast streaked with black. First and second outer tail feathers white, barred with 
black. Outer web of the third mostly white. A short, very inconspicuous narrow streak of silky scarlet on the side of the 
head a short distance behind the eye, along the junction of the white and black ; this is wanting in the female. Length about 
7) inches : wing, 4j. 
Hab. —Southern States. 
This species is chiefly confined to the southern Atlantic States, being rarely seen as far north 
as Pennsylvania. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. 
No. 
Sex. 
Locality. 
When col¬ 
lected. 
Whence obtained. 
Collected by— 
Length. 
Stretch 
of wings. 
Wing. 
1S78 
Q 
Southern States_ 
S. F. Baird. 
511 
..do. 
3057 
Q 
Liberty county, Ga_ 
1846 
8. 00 
15. 00 
4. 58 
2392 
9 
_do_ 
Jos. Leconte _ 
PICUS ALBOLARVATUS. 
White-headed Woodpecker. 
Leuconerpes albolarvatus, Cassin, Pr. A. N. Sc. V, Oct. 1850, 106. California. 
Melanerpes albolarvatus, Cassin, Jour. A. N. Sc, 2d series, II, Jan. 1853, 257 ; pi. 22.— Newberry, Zool. Cal. 
and Oreg. Route, 9, Rep. P. R. R. VI, 1857. 
Leuconerpes albolarvatus, Bonap. Consp. Zyg. At. Ital. 1854, 10. 
Picus ( Xenopicus ) albolarvatus, Baird. 
Sp. Cii.—F ourth and fifth quills equal and longest. Entirely bluish black, excepting the head and outer edges, with 
the entire basal portion, of the primaries, which are white. Length about 9 inches ; wing, 5|. Male with a narrow line of red 
on the nape. 
Hab .—Cascade mountains of Oregon and southward into California. 
This woodpecker is more simple in its colors than any other North American species. The 
sixth quill is a little shorter than the fifth ; the third again a little less. The second is inter¬ 
mediate between the seventh and eight. There is no white on the first primary, except on the 
extreme and concealed basal portion. The white on the outer webs does not extend to within 
an inch of the end. There is no white whatever on the tail. On the side of the head the 
