BIRDS—SYLVICOLIDAE-PYRANGA AESTIYA. 
301 
Sp. Ch. —Bill shorter than the head. Second quill longest: first and third a little shorter. Tail moderately forked. General 
color of male bright carmine. Wings and tail velvet black the quills internally edged with white towards the base. Female 
olive green above, yellowish beneath. Wing and tail feathe brown, edged with olivaceous. Length, 7.40 ; wing, 4.00 ; tail 
3.00. 
jjab .—Eastern United States to the Missouri river. 
The young males are colored like the females, hut generally exhibit more or less of red 
feathers among the greenish ones. Sometimes the full plumage is varied by a few yellow 
feathers, or by olivaceous edges to the wings. Not unfrequently there is a partly concealed bar 
of red or yellow (1566) on the wing, across the median coverts. Young males are sometimes 
seen with the body like the female, the wings and tail like the male. 
List of specimens . 
Catal. 
No. 
Sex. 
Locality. 
When col¬ 
lected. 
Whence obtained. 
Orig. 
No. 
Collected by— 
Length. 
Stretch 
of wings. 
Wing. 
Remarks. 
108fS 
S 
S. F. Baird. 
7.25 
12.00 
4.50 
1493 
May 10, 1844 
7.08 
11 50 
3.83 
lhfifi 
A 
May 22, 1844 
7.41 
11 75 
3.91 
1425 
o 
o 
May 2, 1844 
7.00 
11.25 
3.75 
7463 
V 
n 
¥ 
8306 
8 
Independence, Mo. .. 
May 27, 1857 
Wm. M. Magravv. 
21 
Dr. Cooper... 
7.25 
11.25 
4.00 
Iris brown, bill olive, feet gray. 
8331 
8 
54 
7.50 
12.00 
4 00 
8305 
8 
.do. 
May 27, 1857 
.do. 
20 
......do. 
7.25 
11.25 
4.00 
.do.do. 
8223 
8 
Q 
May 29, 1857 
44 
6.75 
11.25 
4.00 
8380 
June 20, 1857 
84 
7.25 
11.50 
3.75 
8298 
Q 
May 26, 1857 
u 
7.50 
12.00 
4.00 
8377 
A 
79 
7.12 
11.75 
4.00 
8304 
8 
May 27, 1857 
.do. 
19 
.do. 
7.25 
12.25 
4.25 
Iris brown, bill black and yel- 
low, feet gray. 
8347 
.do. 
74 
7.00 
11.25 
4.00 
.do.do. 
7026 
8 
May 8, 1857 
Lieut. Bryan. 
W. S. Wood. 
PYRANGA AESTIYA, Y i e i 11 o t . 
Summer Red Bird. 
Muscicapa rubra, Linn. Syst. Nat. I, 1766, 326. 
Tanagra aestiva, Gmelin, I, 1788, 889.— Wilson, I, 1810, 95 ; pi. vi, f. 3.— Aud. Orn. Biog. I, 1831,232 : V, 1839, 
518 ; pi. 44. 
Pyranga aestiva, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. XXVIII, 1819, 291. —Bon. List, 1838. —Id. Conspectus, 1850. — AuD.Syn. 1839, 
136. —Ib. Birds Amer. 111,1841, 222 ; pi. 208. —Sclater, Pr. Zool. Soc. 1855, 156. —Ib. 1856, 123. 
Phoenisoma aestiva, Sw. Birds, II, 1837, 284. 
Phoenicosoma aestiva, Cabanis, Mus. Hein. 1851, 25. 
? Loxia virginica, Gmelin, I, 1788, 849. (Male changing.) 
? Tanagra mississippiensis, Gmelin, I, 1788, 889. 
Tanagra variegata, Lath. Ind. Orn. I, 1790, 422. (Male changing.) 
Tangare du Mississippi, Buffon, Ois. V, 63 ; pi. enl. 741. 
Sp. Ch. —Bill nearly as long as the head, without any median tooth. Tail nearly even, or slightly rounded. Male, ver¬ 
milion red ; a little darker above, and brightest on the head. Quills brown, the outer webs like the back. Shafts only of the 
tail feathers brown. Bill light horn color, more yellowish at the edges. Female, olive above, yellow beneath, with a tinge of 
reddish. Length, 7.20 Awing, 3.75; tail, 3.00. 
Hub .—South Atlantic and Gulf States, through Texas, and south to Guatemala. 
The shade of red varies somewhat in the specimen, the shade being sometimes more rose. It 
is always quite different from that of P. rubra. The female lacks the pure olive and yellow 
