BIRDS-FULIGULINAE. 
Bucephala. —Bill shorter than the head ; about equal to the tarsus ; compressed 
and somewhat tapering. Nostrils near the middle of the hill. Nail rather 
larger than in Fuligula. Tail longer and more pointed ; about half the wing. 
Head, neck, and back black ; the former with green or purple reflections. 
Under parts, including crissum, lower part of neck, scapulars, large patch on 
the wings, and cheeks, white. Axillars and inside of wing blackish. 
b. Bill with the nail very broad, occupying the entire tip, and scarcely distinguishable 
by reason of its fusion with the rest of bill. 
Histrionicus. —Bill shorter than head or tarsus ; elevated at base ; narrowing 
rapidly. Nostrils reaching the middle of the bill. Tertials bent outwards. 
Bill with a membranous expansion overlapping its base. Color plumbeous ; the 
only white being in the form of spots or bands on the outer surface. 
Polysticta. —Bill somewhat similar, but broader at the tip and more truncate. 
Upper angle of base of bill not extending back as far as the lower. Feathers 
of head close set and velvety ; almost erect. Tertials much bent outwards. 
Body dusky ; lighter on the sides. Head, wings, and scapulars with much 
white. Inside of wing white. Head tinged with grass green. 
B. Side of bill without any distinct acute angle at the base above, or, if present, it does not 
reach as far back as the angle of the mouth, the feathers extending forward, and further 
above than laterally, (so as to obliterate the angle more or less;) the lateral outline of feathers 
more or less oblique. 
a. Bill without any peculiar gibbosity at the base. 
Harelda. —Bill shorter than the head, or than tarsus ; high, tapering to the tip, 
where the nail occupies the terminal portion. Nostrils linear, in the posterior 
half of the bill. No membrane at the end ; the feathers of head normal. Tail 
feathers excessively long and pointed ; equal to the wing. Color black and 
white. Breast and wings on both surfaces black ; the latter without any white ; 
rest of under parts, including crissum, white. 
Camptolaemus. —Bill broad and depressed ; the sides parallel to the end, which is 
bordered by a'membranous skin. Nostrils in the basal third of bill. Feathers 
of cheeks stiffened. Tail short, rounded; two-fifths the wing. Body and 
quills black ; rest of wings, head, and neck, white. A streak on top of head 
and a collar on neck black. 
Lampronetta. —Bill depressed, rather narrow ; longer than tarsus. Feathers of 
forehead extending on the culmen beyond the nostrils, and thence passing 
obliquely in a gentle curve to the angle of the mouth, across the posterior 
portion of the nasal groove. Tail short. Above white ; beneath black. A 
quadrilateral black outline round the eye ; occiput and nape green. 
b. Bill much swollen or gibbous at the base ; then much depressed, and broad. Nail 
very large, forming the tip. Nostrils anterior to the middle of the bill. 
Oidemea. —Feathers of forehead extending only to base of gibbosity ; those of side 
of head sloping gently forward. Nostrils linear, midway between feathers of 
forehead and tip of bill. Color entirely black. 
