BIRDS— FRINGILLIDAE—GTIIRACA CAERULEA, 
499 
The female is readily distinguishable from that of G. ludoviciana by the shade of light 
cinnamon brown beneath, without streaks or spots, (or else very obsolete,) and the existence of 
the same color on the back. The tail is more olive green, and the quills are white at their 
bases. An unmistakeable character is found in the under wing coverts and axillaries, which, 
in the female ludoviciana, are saffron or orange yellow instead of the clear lemon or gamboge 
yellow of melanocepliala. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. 
No. 
Sex 
& ajje. 
Locality. 
When col¬ 
lected. 
Whence obtained. 
Orig’l 
No. 
Collected by— 
Length. 
Stretcli 
of wings. 
Wing. 
Remarks. 
June 26,1843 
o 
1843. 
V 
Aug. 1,1856 
7.87 
12.75 
4.37 
o 
8.25 
12.75 
4.25 
s 
S. F. Baird....... 
4851 
Q 
May 17,1856 
8.87 
12.50 
3.25 
4550 
<$ 
8.25 
12.75 
4.25 
485i> 
o 
May 16,1856 
8.25 
12.62 
4.12 
RQ05 
¥ 
A 
187 
8.50 
12.75 
4.75 
ROOfi 
188 
8.00 
12.00 
4.00 
89.51 
6378 
Dr. T. C. Henry.. 
6379 
$ 
6380 
o 
5545 
May 11,1856 
842 
8.00 
11.00 
4.00 
5546 
May 24,1856 
888 
GUIRACA CAERULEA, Swainson. 
Blue Grosbeak. 
Loxia caerulea, Linn. Syst. Nat. I, 1766, 306.— Wilson, Am. Orn. Ill, 1811, 78; pi. xxiv, f. 6.— ?Wagler, Isis, 
1831,525. 
Guiraca caerulea, Swainson, Birds Mex. in Phil. Mag. I, 1827, 438. 
Fringilla caerulea, Aud. Orn. Biog. II, 1834, 140 : V, 508 ; pi. 122. 
Coccoborus caerulcus, Sw. Birds II, 1837, 277.— Add. Syn. 1839.— Ib. Birds Amer. Ill, 1841,204; pi. 204.— Cabanis, 
Mus. Hein. 1851, 152. 
Cyanoloxia caerulea, Bp. Conspectus, 1850, 502. 
Goniaphoea caerulea, Bp. 
Blue grosbeak, Pennant, Arc. Zool. II, 1785, 351. 
Sp. Ch.—B rilliant blue ; darker across the middle of the back. Space around base of the bill and lores, with tail feathers, 
black. Two bands on the wing across the tips of the primary and secondary coverts, with outer edges of tertiaries, reddish 
brown. Feathers on the posterior portion of the under surface tipped narrowly with grayish white. 
Female yellowish brown above, brownish yellow beneath ; darkest across the breast, and lightest on the throat. Wing 
coverts and tertials broadly edged with brownish yellow. A faint trace of blue on the crown. Length of male 7.25 ; wing, 
3.50; tail, 2.80. 
Hab. —More southern United States from Atlantic to Pacific, south to Mexico. 
This species exhibits but little variety of coloration, except in the purity and intensity of its 
blue. 
* 
