THE CULTIVATOR. 
45 
The operation of this principle maybe made apparent by the follow- 
ing experiment:—Take a small tube, with a little water in it, fold a 
little lint round it, and having immersed it in ether till the lint is soak¬ 
ed through, hold it in the air for the ether to evaporate. The cold 
produced by the evaporation will cause the water in the tube to freeze. 
■ — Parke . 
THE CULTIVATOR—JUNE, 1836. 
TO IMPROVE THE SOIL AND THE MIND. 
AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL. 
We publish below, the “act to incorporate the New-York Stale Ag¬ 
ricultural School.” The books of subscription to the stock will be kept 
open by the commissioners, at their several residences, during the 
month of June, unless sooner filled. This stock, it is believed, will af¬ 
ford a safe and judicious investment But the law does not appeal to 
mercenary motives—it has higher aims—its object is to improve the 
social and moral condition of the state, and to increase the products of 
its soil;—it is designed to give to productive labor the efficient aid of 
science, and to concentrate and teach the best modes of practice—and 
to elevate, withal, the intellectual and moral character of that portion of 
our citizens, who are emphatically the guardians, of our civil and poli¬ 
tical rights. It is an untried experiment, and if it succeeds according 
to the hopes and expectations of its friends, similar schools will ere long 
be established among us. With these high objects in prospect, it is 
confidently believed, that a disposition will not be lacking, among our 
philanthropic and enterprising citizens, promptly to lend their means 
and their influence, in carrying its provisions into effect. 
An act to incorporate the New-York State Agricultural School, Passed 
May 6, 1836. 
The People of the state of New-York, represented in Senate and As¬ 
sembly. do enact as follows : - 
§ 1. William L. Marcy, John Tracy, Jesse Buel, Stephen Van Rens¬ 
selaer, Henry Yates, Gideon Lee, Joab Center, JohnP. Beckman, Cor¬ 
nelius W. Lawrence, Philip Hone, Benjamin Knower, Gouverneur Og¬ 
den, Erastus Corning, James Wadsworth, David E. Evans, Hiram Pratt, 
Walter Cunningham, Gilbert O. Fowler, Nathaniel P. Tallmadge, Ni¬ 
cholas Devereux, Anthony Van Bergen, Garrit Wendell, Archibald M’- 
Tntyre, Thomas D. Burrel, John Greig, Thomas W. Olcott, Ziba A. Le- 
land, George P. Oakley, John Delafield, Edward P. Livingston, John 
Townsend, Lewis F. Allen, and all such persons as now are or may 
hereafter become associated with them, are hereby constituted a body 
corporate by the name of “ The New-York State Agricultural School,” 
for the purpose of instruction in literature and science, and improve¬ 
ment in scientific and practical agriculture and the mechanic arts. 
§ 2. The capital stock of said corporation shall be one hundred thou¬ 
sand dollars, with liberty to increase it to two hundred thousand dollars, 
to be divided into shares of twenty-five dollars each, which shall he 
considered as personal property, and be assignable in such manner as 
the said corporation may, in its hy-laws, from time to time, provide : 
which said capital stock shall be exclusively devoted to the purposes 
and objects of the said corporation, as declared in the first section of 
this act, and to no other purposes or object whatever. And to the same 
end, the said corporation shall have power to take, hold, and convey 
real estate to the extent of its said capital. 
§ 3. Jesse Buel, Lewis F. Allen, Henry Yates, John P. Beekman, 
Joab Center, Walter Cunningham, and John Delafield, shall be commis¬ 
sioners, to receive subscriptions, for, and to distribute the said capital 
of the said corporation. 
§ 4. The said commissioners, or a majority of them, shall, within 
thirty days, after the passage of this act, open a subscription book for 
the said stock, at such times and places as they shall appoint; and they 
shall give at least fourteen days’ previous notice thereof, in at least two 
of the agricultural papers in this state. 
§ 5. At the first suhsciption the capital stock of the said corporation, 
no subscription above one thousand dollars, by or in behalf of the same 
individual, shall be received. Five per cent on each share subscribed 
for shall be paid to the said commissioners at the lime of making such 
subscription, forty-five pgr cent thereon when afterwards called for by 
them; and the remaining fifty per cent at the expiration of six months 
from the time of such subscription. 
§ 6. If the whole of the capital stock of the said corporation be not 
taken up at the first subscription thereto, the said commissioners, or a 
majority of them, may receive further subscriptions thereto, from time 
to time, until the whole capital stock of the said corporation shall be 
taken up. 
§ 7. The said commissioners, or a majority of them, shall, within twelve 
months after the passage of this act proceed to distribute the capital i 
stock of the said corporation among the subscribers thereto; and in : 
case there should be subscriptions to more than the amount of such : 
stock, it shall be the duty of such commissioners to apportion the same 
among the subscribers thereto, in such manner as they_may deem most 
advantageous to the interests of the said institution, and best calcu¬ 
lated to promote its objects. 
§ 8. The stock property and concerns of the Said Corporation shall 
be managed by thirty-two trustees, of whom the governor and lieute¬ 
nant-governor of the state, for the time being, shall always, by virtue of 
their offices, be two; and the remaining thirty shall be stockholders of 
the said corporation, and citizens of this state. They shall be elected 
annually, and any seven thereof shall be a quorum for the transaction 
of the ordinary business of the said corporation. 
§ 8. The persons named in the first section of this act shall be the 
first trustees of the said corporation, and shall hold their offices until 
the first Tuesday of February, one thousand eight hundred and thirty- 
seven, and until others shall be elected in their places. 
§ 10. The trustees of the said corporation for every subsequent year, 
except the governor and lieutenant-governor, shall be elected on the first 
Tuesday of February in each and every year, at such hour of the day and 
at such place as the trustees for the time being shall appoint, and of which 
they shall give public notice not less than fourteen days previous to the 
the time of holding such election, by advertisement to be inserted in at 
least two of the agricultural papers in this state. 
§ 11. At every election of trustees, each stockholder shall be entitled 
to one vote on each share of stock owned by him, and which he shall 
have held for at least fourteen days next preceding such election. 
§ 12. All elections for trustees, other than the governor and lieutenant- 
governor, shall be held under the inspection of three stockholders, not be¬ 
ing trustees, to be appointed previous to every election by the board of 
trustees for the time being. Such election shall be by ballot, and by plu¬ 
rality of the votes of the stockholders or their proxies then present; and 
the thirty persons who shall receive the greatest number of votes shall 
together with the governor and lieutenant-governor for the time being, 
be the trustees of the said corporation: and if at any such election for 
trustees, two or more persons shall have an equal number of votes, then 
the trustees who shall have been duly elected, shall proceed by ballot, 
and by plurality of votes to determine which of the said persons, so 
having an equal numbers of votes, shall be trustee or trustees, so as to 
complete the whole number. 
§ 13. If any trustee of the said corporation, other than the governor 
or lieutenant-governor, shall cease to be a stockholder thereof, or shall 
remove out of the state, his office shall thereby become vacant; and 
whenever any vacancy shall happen among the trustees, such vacancy 
shall he filled for the remainder of the year in which it shall so happen, 
by such person possessing the qualifications above required for trustee 
of this corporation, as the remaining trustees for the time being, or a 
majority of them, shall appoint. 
§ 14. The trustees of said corporation, as soon as may be after their 
appointment or election under this act, shall, in like manner, proceed to 
elect, of their number, a president, two vice-presidents, a treasurer, a 
recording secretary and corresponding secretary, who shall respectively 
hold their offices for one year, and until others are elected in their 
places. They shall also appoint such professors, teachers, agents, and 
other persons as may be necessary to conduct the proper business, and 
accomplish the declared objects of the said corporation. 
§ 15. The said trustees shall, as soon as may be, proceed to purchase 
a farm of about five hundred acres of land, either contiguous to, or near 
the Hudson river, and as nigh to the city of Albany as may be conve¬ 
nient ; and shall cause to be erected thereon such buildings as may be 
suitable and necessary, and make all such other arrangements as may 
be proper for the future business of the said corporation, and for the 
accomplishment of its objects. 
§ 16. The said corporation, in exercising its power of making by-laws 
for its own government, shall make it an indispensable requirement 
that the professors, teachers, and pupils of the school hereby intended 
to be authorized and established, shall, unless prevented by sickness or 
other reasonable cause, occupy themselves for at least one-half of the 
time the said school is in session, between the months, of March and 
December, either in the practical agricultural business of the farm, or 
in the laboratories or mechanics’ shops connected with said school. 
§ 17. The said corporation shall in no case, out of the profits arising 
from its business, declare and make a dividend of more than five per cent 
per annum, upon its actual incorporated capital paid in and possessed ; 
and if at any time after the payment of such dividend, there shall re¬ 
main any surplus of such profits, it shall be expended in additions or 
improvements to the farm, buildings, library, apparatus, or other ne¬ 
cessary establishments connected with the said institution, or in reduc¬ 
ing the price of tuition at the same. 
§ 18. The governor shall appoint annually a committee of three per¬ 
sons, whose duty it shall be to visit the said institution, and to report 
the condition thereof to the legislature at the commencement of its next 
session. The members of the said committee shall receive no compen¬ 
sation for their services under this act, but their reasonable expenses 
shall be paid by the said corporation. 
§ 19. The corporation hereby created, shall be subject to the provi- 
