THE CULTIVATOR. 
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6 feet in circumference, and 6 feet deep, will require three barrels of 
lime, two loads coarse sand and two loads of rubble stone, and a day 
and a half labor for three hands. In the diagram below, the dimen 
sions are assumed to be eight feet square; b is a partition passing 
through the centre, with an aperture at the bottom, for the water to 
pass from chamber A, to chamber B; a and c are two close partitions, 
rising three feet from the bottom. The water is conducted into the cis¬ 
tern, by the spout d, falls upon the alternating strata of gravel and 
sand, G C, which are each 6 inches in thickness, passes to the aperture 
D, in the main partition, rises through the like strata in chamber B, 
from which latter it may be drawn by a cock at c, perfectly pure and 
fit for use, or raised by a pump. The gravel employed should be 
coarse and. clean; the charcoal pure, and well pounded. There are 
three strata of gravel, as indicated by G, and two of charcoal, C. 
||d 8 feet. 
New Drill Barrow .—We have received from the inventor, Mr. Ni- 
bam R. Merchant, of Guilford, Chenango co. the compliment of a 
Drill Barrow, of peculiar simplicity and cheapness; and if we are per¬ 
mitted to judge from its appearance, without having given it a trial, it 
will be found a very economical and useful implement in the hands of 
every farmer and gardener in the country, who is not already provided 
with a drill barrow. Mr. Merchant has been selling the machines at 
$2 each. It may be adapted to the sowing of turnips, onions, radishes, 
beans, beets, &e. by manual power, and by multiplying the wheels, or 
rather, by uniting several machines, for horse power, it may be used in 
field culture, for mangold wurizel, wheat, Sic. Thus combined, we 
think it would reliable the dril^, used in France, in sowing the beet for 
sugar, which Mr. Pedder highly commends, an l which there sells at 
100 francs. This barrow is presented in the cut below. A, A, are the 
two sides of the frame, 16 inches long, connected at each extremity by 
cross pieces. B, is a wheel, 10 inches in diameter, and 4 inches broad, 
made of wood. C, is a coulter attached to the forwad cross piece. D, 
is the hopper, in which the seed is placed. F, F, are the handles, by 
which the machine is impelled and guided. Back of the hopper, is a 
roller, attached to which is a metal slide, not perceptible in the cut, perfo¬ 
rated with a hole of the size of the seed to be sown, which slides close 
to the bottom of the hopper. The roller is moved when the machine 
is in motion, by stout wires seen in the diagram. When the machine 
is in motion, the coulter, C, makes the drill, into which the seed imme¬ 
diately drops; two pieces of round iron project down diagonally, from 
the sides, which throw the mould upon the seeds, and the wheel then 
passes over, and operates as a roller. 
Wheat Worm. —We observe, in the Genesee Farmer of the 3d of 
September, an interesting article upon this insect, from the pen of 
Willis Gaylord, one of the best agricultural writers of our country. 
Mr. Gaylord closes his paper with the remark, that “ since it appears 
that in many instances the fly is perpetuated by the eggs of worms en¬ 
closed in the wheat sown , would it not be good policy to use wheat two 
years or more old for seed, as such wheat, if it were originally affect¬ 
ed with the worm, must have lost them by their previous transforma¬ 
tion ?” If the egg of the worm is deposited on the seed, of which we 
have strong doubts, it is not exclusively so. In 1834, we obtained se¬ 
lect seed, from the mouth of the Genesee river. The crop looked very 
flattering, till the heads were developed; and yet we estimated that 
seven-eighths of the crop was subsequently destroyed by the worm. 
The seed was sown late in October. Last fall we received a sample 
of wheat from New-Jersey, which was sown in our garden. The worm 
has literally destroyed it all. A few grains of spring wheat from. 
Rome, was sown in our garden late in May. It is now, Sept. 9, in the 
milk. On a close examination, we do not find any of the worm in it. 
The seed from Genesee and New-Jersey, could not have contained the 
egg of the insect. Our observation seems to confirm the opinion, that 
the insect appears about the time that wheat, sown the last of Septem¬ 
ber, or the early spring sown varieties, comes into ear, and that it re- 
mains but a few days in the maggot state ; and that the early fall, or 
late spring sown crops will be most exempt from its attacks. We have 
used salt and lime, in all the ways suggested, without discovering in 
them any preven tive of the evil. __ 
The Season has been highly inauspicious to the farmer, and to the 
country. The hopes, feeble as they were, of tolerable fall crops, have, 
in many districts, been already blasted by the early frosts. A letter 
from Seneca Falls of the 10th Sept, says, “ Our corn is all cut off by 
the frosts. I am cutting up mine. Our buckwheat is equally destroy¬ 
ed. Our wheat, in thrashing out, produces not much more than half 
what the bulk of straw warrants the anticipation of.” We learn that 
the frosts have been equally severe in many other sections of the state. 
We ascribe our exemption from frost, to the circumstance of our land 
being well underdrained, by which humidity has been prevented, and 
the soil become charged in a higher degree with caloric, while our 
neighbors’ crops have suffered. 
The prospect before us strongly admonishes to prudence, and the 
husbanding of all our means. As one of the available means, we men¬ 
tion the products of the orchard, as applicable to the sustenance and 
fattening of hogs—-in place of corn and other grain, and for the winter 
feeding of all farm stock. Another and a great saving may be made 
by grinding all the grain which is fed out, and by cooking all our hog. 
feed. By these items of economy, good judges have estimated that a 
saving of one-half is effected, Nor should we fail to economise our 
hay and corn-stalks ; lor although hay has been a good crop, the scarci¬ 
ty of grain and roots will enhance its value. Remember that a saving 
of 30 per cent is effected by the use of Greene’s Straw Cutter; that in 
feeding 30 tons of hay, this saving amounts to 9 tons, which at $10 per 
ion, gives the round sum of $90—enough to buy three Straw Cutters, 
or one and $60 worth of New-Year’s presents for the wife and girls— 
or a snug Farmer’s Library 
After we had penned the above, we learnt verbally, and by the pub¬ 
lic journals, that the frosts have been more extensive and injurious 
than we anticipated ; and that most of the corn and buckwheat in the 
north have been partially or wholly destroyed. A Maine paper repre¬ 
sents, that the corn in that neighborhood has been killed before it had 
become fit to boil; and we are told in the Buffalo Whig, that the frost 
of the 12th ult. had “ swept all oefore it,” in the south towns of that 
county. On the other hand, the late warm weather has been highly 
advantageous in ripening the fall crops, in districts which had escaped 
frost. Our corn crop was harvested in fine condition before the frost 
affected it. 
Top-dressing Grass Lands.-— An important fact in regard to this mat¬ 
ter, has been communicated to us by an intelligent visitor, viz. that the 
same quantity of manure is twice or thrice as beneficial on young as it 
is on old meadow. Plants, like animals, if stinted or half starved when 
young, seldom acquire great vigor or luxuriance afterwards; the or¬ 
gans of nutrition become adapted to the early supply of food, and can¬ 
not be readily enlarged, on its being increased in advanced age. Hence 
the advantage of employing rich soils for nurseries—of keeping young 
farm stock well—and of applying manures to young grass. A gentle- 
man top-dressed some grass lands at one, two and three years old, and 
he found the benefit to the first, double what it was to the second, and 
treble that shown by the third. The hint is one of some importance 
to husbandry, and we hope it will be improved upon. The rule does 
hold good in reg ard to animals. _ 
Nothing is bestowed on man in this life, without great labor.— Horace. 
Wealth, fame, influence and power, can none of them be attained with¬ 
out much pain and application. 
