32 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
All these matters may be entered in a diary or journal, in a few 
minutes each nay, and at the end of the year, posted under the four 
leading heads of Farm, Crops, Stock and Family, or the second and 
third may be subdivided into single fields and for the different kinds 
of stock. The footings will show the relative profits or loss under 
each head. Where the account is posted to the fields separately, 
the relative advantages of the different courses may be determined 
at the termination of the course. Minute details are not required. 
The total expense of putting in a crop may be comprised in one 
charge, harvesting and housing in another, and threshing and 
marketing in a third. The value of the total product of a field 
may also form one entry. The object is to enable the proprietor 
to come to some pretty accurate result. 
We give the following as the forms of books which we have 
adopted. A quire of paper may be ruled to this or any other form 
by the farmer himself, and may be covered and stitched by the 
wife. 
FORM OF A FARM JOURNAL. 
No. 1, Dr. 
To 40 loads manure, at 8s.. 
$40 
00 
Slock, Cr. 
By 10 lambs sold, at 12s.....>.... 
15 
00 
Family, Dr 
To 20 bushels wheat, at $2 per bushel, ....... 
40 
00 
Farm, Dr. 
To cash paid J. B. for 8 mo. labor, at $12,. 
96 
00 
No. 1, Cr. 
By 201) bushels corn, sold at $1—stalks $15, .. 
215 
00 
Stock, Dr. 
To summer keep of 12 cows, at 8s. per mo. 7 mo 
,84 
00 
Family, Cr 
By board of 4 laborers 6 mo. at $2 per week,.. 
208 
00 
Farm, Cr.. 
By value of wheat from field No. 2,. 
304 
00 
FORM OF A FARM LEDGER. 
Dr. Farm, Cr. 
fo 30 To cash to A. B. for 6 mo 
I 
I 
fo 12,By 5 tons hay, sold at $20 
$100 
00 
| 
labor,. 
$72 
00 
15 By 500 lbs. wool, sold at 
00 
32 
To 2 tons plaster, at $ 6 , 
12 
00 
50 cents... 
250 
00 
36 
To an iron plough, .... 
25 
30 
18 By profits on wheat,No.2 
76 
00 
40 
Cash paid for 20 shep,.. 
60 
00 
20 Profits on rutabaga, N 0.6 
134 
00 
46 
To loss on corn crop, in 
31 By increase in value of 
No. 6 , .. 
12 
75 
| stock, .. 
150 
00 
47ITo taxes paid on farm,..! 712511 35;By cash for 6 cows sold, I 140100. 
The above forms will serve to explain cur views, and may be al¬ 
tered or improved to suit the taste or business of each individual. 
TheTooth Ache. —A correspondent to the Montreal Herald, states, 
that after suffering excruciating pain from this ache, and having 
tried in vain to obtain relief, 
“ Betty told me a gentleman had been waiting sometime in the 
parlor, who said he would not detain me half a minute. He came 
_a friend I had not seen for years. He sympathized with me, 
while I briefly told how sadly I was afflicted. 
“ 4 My dear friend,’ exclaimed he, 4 1 can cure you in ten mi¬ 
nutes.’ 
‘‘‘How7 howl’ inquired !; 4 do it in pity.’ 
“ 4 Instantly,’ said he,— 4 Betty, have you any alum V 
“ 4 Yes.’ 
44 ‘Bring it, and some common salt.’ 
44 They were produced ; my friend pulverized them, mixed them 
in equal quantities ; then wet a small piece of cotton, causing the 
mixed powders to adhere, and placed it in my hollow tooth.— 
‘There,’ said he, ‘if that does not cure you, I will forfeit my head. 
You may tell this in Gath, and publish it in Askalon ; the remedy 
is infallible.’ It was so. I experienced a sensation of coldness, 
on applying it, which gradually subsided, and with it, the torment 
of the tooth ache.” 
Easily tried. 
Farming Implements .—It will have been seen, by the last Cul¬ 
tivator, that the State Agricultural Society have appointed a 
board of examiners, comprising men of science, and practical 
machinists and farmers, to meet semi-annually, to examine, 
and thoroughly to test, (and to give certificates of merit,), -all farm 
implements and machinery which may be offered for their in¬ 
spection. We are glad to learn, that the gentlemen designated 
will attend to the duties of their appointment, and that notice 
will shortly be given of the time and place of their first meeting. 
This measure, if properly carried out, and we feel confident that it 
will be, cannot fail of producing a highly salutary influence upon 
our agriculture, and upon the general interests of the state. It 
will give general confidence in implements and machines 
which are truly meritorious, and to multiply them upon our farms; 
while on the other hand, it will tend to prevent imposture, and 
to save great expenditures for inventions which are comparatively 
worthless. 
A CALCULATION. 
There are, by estimation, 250,000 improved farms in this state, 
upon three-fifths of which, we believe, it is the practice to summer 
yard manure; that is, to leave it in the yard to rot during the sum¬ 
mer, by which one-half of its fertilizing properties are lost to the 
farm. It will not be considered extravagant to suppose, that the 
manure thus permitted to waste upon these 150,000 farms, will 
average ten loads to each. This would give an aggregate of one 
and a half millions of loads of manure which are annually sum¬ 
mered in our farm-yards, and about our farm buildings. If the cal¬ 
culation of Davy is correct, that yard dung loses one half of its 
fertilizing properties by undergoing a complete fermentation in the 
yard, there is an absolute loss, from this reckless or ill-judged 
mode of managing dung, of 750,000 loads, worth, to a good farmer, 
one dollar a load. Let us now see what this last manure would 
produce, if applied to the corn and potatoe crop, in the spring, in¬ 
stead of being suffered to lay till autumn in the yard ; for no one 
will, pretend that dung wastes more in the soil than it does upon 
the surface of the ground, exposed to the weather. Yon Thaer, af¬ 
ter a series of experiments, has stated, that the fertility of an ordi¬ 
nary soil is augmented 50 per cent, by the application of twenty 
loads of dung to the acre. Although we believe this estimate 
will hold good in regard to the corn and potato crops, we will, in 
our calculation, consider the augmentation only one-third. The 
750,000 loads of lost dung would manure 37,500 acres of corn land, 
at the rate of 20 loads to the acre. Assuming 30 bushels per acre 
as the ordinary crop, the manure then, by our rule, which is cer¬ 
tainly graduated low, would have added ten bushels to each of the 
37,500 acres, or in other words, would have produced 375,000 bu¬ 
shels of corn, worth, now, nearly half a million of dollars. But if 
we assume, what we believe to be within the bounds of truth, that 
every load of long manure, under good management, will augment 
the product more th’an one bushel, the gain to the state, by a ge¬ 
neral adoption of the mode recommended, of fermenting all our 
long manure in the corn field, would amount to 750,000 bushels, 
which, at present prices, would be worth nearly a million of dol¬ 
lars. 
This is but one branch of improvement of which our husbandry 
is susceptible. Thorough draining, a judicious system of alter¬ 
nating crops, the root culture, &c. may each be made to augment 
our crops to a greater extent than the improvement we have sug¬ 
gested. Every article of our produce has been more or less en¬ 
hanced by the failure of our corn crop, and every class in commu¬ 
nity are paying smart-money for the neglect and contumely with 
which the interests of agriculture have been treated in our legis¬ 
lative halls. Days, weeks and months are spent in unprofitable 
debate, upon trivial questions of order, the division of a town, or 
the incorporation of a bank, in which the state has but a modicum 
of interest, while not a,day, or an hour’s time, can be spared to 
discuss the great business of agriculture, the noble base which 
supports the whole fabric of society. Millions have been expend ¬ 
ed to endow schools of literature, but not a cent to endow schools 
of labor. Though the lion now sleeps, he may be provoked too far. 
But we are straying from our object, which was to show to the 
farmer, the importance of applying his longmanure to his corn and 
potatoe crops, and to urge him, by the strongest considerations of 
interest, to do it this spring. 
SuperiorOats —We have two varieties of oats on hand, of superior 
quality, both weighing over 40 pounds the bushel, raised in this 
state. One variety is from Dr. Goodsell, of Utica, Oneida, and is 
the progeny of a single stool, of uncommon appearance, found 
growing in a barley field. The other kind was raised by Col. F. 
Lansing, of Watervliet, and has no distinctive name. Since we 
have a legal standard of weight for this grain, its character is evi¬ 
dently improving, and it has become a matter of moment for far¬ 
mers to cultivate only the heaviest kinds. 
Remember this. —Unfermented vegetable and animal matters, in¬ 
cluding green sward, green crops and long manure, after being 
buried by the plough, should never be exposed to the sun and 
