172 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
lidity, extension, divisibility, motion, attraction, and repulsion—the laws 
of gravitation, and of central forces, as they appear to operate in the mo¬ 
tions of the celestial bodies; and on the surface of our globe, in the phe¬ 
nomena of falling bodies, the motions of projectiles, the vibration of pen¬ 
dulums, &c.—the theory of machines, the principles on which their en¬ 
ergy depends; the properties of the mechanical powers,—the lever, the 
wheel, and axle, the pully, the inclined plane, the wedge, and the screiv, 
—and the effects resulting from their various combinations. From the 
investigations of philosophers on these subjects, we learn the laws by 
which the great bodies of the universe are directed in their motions; the 
laws which bind together the different portions of matter in the surface of 
the earth, and which regulate the motion of animal, vegetable, and inani¬ 
mate nature; and the principle on which cranes, mills, wheel-carriages, 
pile engines, threshing machines, and other engines are constructed; by 
means of which, man has been enabled to accomplish operations far be¬ 
yond the limits of his own physical powers. 
Without a knowledge of tne laws of motion, and assistance from the 
combined effects of the mechanical powers, man would be a very limited 
being, his enjoyments would be few, and his active energies confined 
within a very narrow range. In a savage state, ignorant of manufactures, 
agriculture, architecture, navigation, and the other arts which depend up¬ 
on mechanical combinations, he is exposed, without shelter, to the incle¬ 
mencies of the season; he is unable to transport himself beyond seas and 
oceans, to visit other climes and other tribes of his fellow-men; he exists 
in the desert, comfortless and unimproved; the fertile soil, over which he 
roams, is covered with thorns, and briers, and thickets, for the haunt of 
beasts of prey; his enjoyments are little superior to those of the lion, the 
hyena, and the elephant, while he is much their inferior, in point of agili¬ 
ty and physical strength. But when philosophy has once demonstrated 
the principles of mechanics, and introduced the practice of the useful arts, 
“ the wilderness and the solitary place are made glad, and the desert re¬ 
joices, and blossoms as the rose.” Cities are founded, and gradually rise 
to opulence and splendor; palaces and temples are erected; the damp 
cavern, and the rush built hut, are exchanged for the warm and comforta¬ 
ble apartments of a substantial mansion; ships are built, and navigated 
across the ocean; an intercourse is carried on between the most distant 
tribes of mankind; commerce flourishes, and machinery of all kinds is 
erected, for facilitating human labor, and promoting the enjoyments of 
man. And when the principles and practice, of “ pure and undefiled reli¬ 
gion,” accompany these physical and mechanical operations, love and af¬ 
fection diffuse their benign influence; the prospect brightens as years roll 
on, and man advances, with pleasure and improvement, to the scene of 
his high destination — Dick 
RISE AND FALL OF FAMILIES. 
years in their carriages; lose their parents; divide the property; attempt 
to carry on business; are incapable of managing it; fail—struggle to keep 
up appearances and their places in, fashionable life—are obliged to retire 
—wretched and miserable at home—and get through the world as they 
can, carrying always .the appearance of shabby gentlemen, and being look¬ 
ed at askance by their former companions. Their children are even more 
miserable than themselves; being brought up with the idea that labor is 
degrading; and that they are a superior order, while necessity compels 
them to resort to some means of getting a living; pride and poverty are at 
war with them, and they drudge out a miserable and precarious life.— 
American Magazine. 
MISERIES OF INDOLENCE. 
None so little enjoy life, and are such burdens to themselves, as those 
who have nothing to do—for 
“A want of occupation is not rest— 
A mind quite vacant is a mind distress’d.” 
Such a man is out of God’s order; and opposing hi3 obvious design in the 
faculties he has given him, and the condition in which he has placed him. 
Nothing, therefore, is promised in the Scriptures to the indolent. Take 
the indolent, with regard to exertion. What indecision! What delay! 
What reluctance! What apprehension! The slothful man says “ there is 
a lion without; I shall be slain in the streets ” “ The way of the slothful 
man is as a hedge of thorns: but the way of the righteous is made plain.” 
Take him with regard to health—What sluggishness of circulation! What 
depression of spirits! What dullness of appetite! What enervation of 
frame! Take him with regard to temper and enjoyement—Who is pettish 
and fretful? Who feels wanton and childish cravings? Who is too soft to 
bear any of the hardships ot life? Who broods over every little vexation 
and inconvenience? Who not only increases real, but conjures up ima¬ 
ginary evils, and gets no sympathy from any one in either? Who feels 
time wearisome and irksome? Who is devoured by ennui and spleen? 
Who oppresses others with their company, and their questions, and cen¬ 
sorious talk? The active only have the true relish of life. He who knows 
not what it is to labor, knows not what it is to enjoy. Recreation is only 
valuable as it unbends us; the idle know nothing.of it. It is exertion that 
renders rest deligh ful, and sleep sweet and undisturbed. That the hap¬ 
piness of life depends on the regular prosecution of some laudable purpose 
or lawful calling, which engages, helps and enlivens all our powers, let 
those bear witness who, after spending years in active usefulness, retire 
to enjoy themselves. Prayer should be always offered up for their ser¬ 
vants and wives, and for themselves too. They are a burden to them¬ 
selves. —Rev W. Jay. 
Every young man should start in life determined to act upon the motto, 
JVil desperandum, or don’t give up the ship. Let him on commencing 
life, look around him, and see who are the courted and respected of soci¬ 
ety, and ask from whence they sprang. In ninety-nine cases out of a 
hundred he will find them to be those who at his age, possessed as little 
of the world’s gear, as little of aid extraneous as he himself possesses 
men who commenced the world with nothing, and whose advancement in 
life solely depended upon their own husbandry, frugality, integrity and 
strict attention to business. 
Most young men consider it a great misfortune to be born poor, or not 
to have capital enough to establish themselves at once in good business; 
this is a very mistaken notion, for, so far from poverty being a misfortune 
to him, if we may judge from what we every day behold, it is really a bles¬ 
sing; for the chance is than more ten to one in favor of the success of such 
a young man over one who starts with plenty of money. Look back twen 
ty years and see who commenced business at that time with abundance 
of means, and trace them down to the present day. How many of them 
can now boast of wealth and standing? On the contrary how many have 
become poor, lost their standing in society, and are passed by their once 
boon companions, with a look which plainly says, I know you not. 
In this country, the wheel of fortune is constantly turning, and he who 
is at zenith this year, may be at nadir next, and excite no surprise. It is 
seldom that the third or even the fourth generation enjoys property or sta¬ 
tion in society which was won by the industry of the first. This constant 
change is the natural result of causes in continual operation. The first 
generation starts in life poor, but industrious and honest; he resolves to 
acquire property, and at the same time sustain a character that shall com 
mand respect. By dint of long perseverance in business, and the attain¬ 
ment of a high character for integrity and fair dealing, he succeeds, (such 
a man never fails,) and becomes wealthy. His sons succeed him, perhaps 
maintain the character of their father, and add to the wealth he left them 
—they were educated to business, and know how the property they en 
joy was acquired. But their sons grow up, and from infancy find them¬ 
selves in the lap of luxury and rocked in the cradle of ease; their minds 
are never turned on business—that is beneath them—they are engrossed 
in important nothings; scorn labor; run the rounds of folly, marry light 
headed and fashionable ladies, who have as sovereign a contempt for la¬ 
borers, and the useful things of this life as themselves; dash away a few 
RECEIPTS, from Oct. 25 to Nov. 25, inclusive.—Nos. under 10 not noticed. 
Arcole, O. 14 
'’Boston, Mass. 79 
Bethel, Vt. 13 
"Baltimore, Md. 103 
"Catskill, Green, 29 
Clarksville, Va. 13 
Jackson, Ark. 11 
"Jeffersonton, Va. 22 
"Kirtknd’s Mills, O. 17 
* La Porte, la. 65 
Litchfield, Ct. 12 
Milwaukee, W.Ter. 13 
Ga. 26'Madison, Mad. 15 
"Moore’s SaltWorks,0 28 1 
"Murfreesboro, Ten. 128]Schoolcraft, 
Monroe, Ga. 11' 
"New-York city, 221 
"Newark, O. 66 
"Philadelphia, Pa. 214 
"Princess Ann, Md. 49 
Port Chester, W.Ch. 11 
"Perrysville, Mad. 14 
"Painsville, O. 13 
"Suckasunny, N.J. 13 
Sandisfield, Mass. 29 
Mich. 12 
Clarksville, 
Chillicothe, O. 15 
Hill, N.H. 13 
"Hartford, Ct. 20 
Huntsville, Ala. 38 
"Hamilton, Mad. 22 Norfolk, Va. 11 
Total number of volumes subscribed for during the last month 559. 
* Including former payments. 
PRICE CURRENT. 
ARTICLES. 
New-York. 
Nov. 25. 
Boston. 
Nov. 22. 
Philadel’a. 
Nov. 20. 
Baltimore. 
Nov. 18. 
Beans white, bush. 
2 00.. 2 25 
1 37.. 1 75 
1 37..1 62 
L 25..1 50 
Beef, best, cwt. 
11 00..13 50 
5 00.. 6 50 
16 0..18 0 
6 00..7 00 
Pork, per cwt. 
8 00..10 00 
7 00.. 9 00 
20 0..21 0 
7 00.. 
Butter, fresh, pound,. 
18.. 22 
20.. 25 
14.. 18 
20.. 25 
Cheese, pound. 
7.. 10 
8 .. 9 
9.. 10 
9.. 10 
Flour, best, bbl. 
9 50..10 00 
9 50..10 25 
9 75..10 0 
111 ..121 
Grain —Wheat, bushel, .. 
2 00.. 2 10 
2 00..2 12 
2 10..2 18 
Rye, do. 
Oats, do. 
1 12.. 1 16 
1 25.. 1 33 
l 00..1 25 
L 00..1 10 
48.. 50 
55.. 58 
.. 43 
37.. 38 
Corn, do. 
1 12.. 1 13 
1 06.. 1 11 
1 02..1 03 
1 00..1 06 
Seeds—R ed Clover, lb... 
13 
15.. 16 
9.. 11 
12.. 13 
Timothy, bushel,. 
1 82.. 2 00 
2 75.. 3 00 
2 00..3 25 
3 50..4 00 
Wool—S axony, fleece, lb. 
75.. 80 
50.. 55 
65.. 73 
40.. 50 
Merino, lb. 
50.. 68 
45.. 47 
45.. 50 
35.. 40 
1-4 and com. lb... 
40.. 50 
30.. 33 
40.. 44 
28.. 30 
Sheep, ...». 
Cows and Calves,. 
2 50.. 5 00 
22 00..42 00 
1 67.. 3 00 
23 00..42 00 
30 0..45 0 
Cotton. 
9.. 13, 
9.. 14 
11 .. 12 
FROM THE STEAM PRESS OF PACKARD A VAN BENTHUYSEN. 
