22 
V. That sprayings after midsummer are at best of doubtful value. 
VI. That on trees badly infested with scab the fruits that develop may be so far 
reduced in size by the fungus as to diminish the crop nearly 20 per cent; but this is 
doubtless but a small part of the injury actually produced. 
In conclusion, I would recommend that in future experiments a larger number of 
trees be employed as duplicates. A study of the results secured in this experiment, 
as well as those gained in the trial of 1889, makes it clear that two trees are not 
always sufficient to furnish data for drawing definite conclusions. 
EXPERIMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF THE SEPTORIA OF THE RASPBERRY AND 
BLACKBERRY. 
The fungicides tested for the Septoria of the raspberry and blackberry were : 
I. Bordeaux mixture. 
II. Ammoniacal copper carbonate. 
III. The mixture of ammoniated copper sulphate and ammonium carbonate, used 
for the apple scab as Mixture No. 5. 
The Bordeaux mixture was made by slacking 6 pounds of lime in one vessel, and 
dissolving 4 pounds of copper sulphate in another, uniting the contents of the two 
vessels on the cooliug of the lime and diluting the whole with water to 22 gallons. 
After the first two treatments, the Bordeaux mixture was diluted one-third, as the 
foliage showed indications of injury. 
The other two fungicides were used in the first two treatments of the strength 
noted in the experiment for apple scab, viz, an ounce of copper carbonate dissolved 
in a quart of ammonia, and the solution diluted with 25 gallons of water; 12 ounces 
of the mixture No. 5 dissolved in 22 gallons of water. After the second spraying, 
the solution of mixture No. 5 was diluted one-third for the reason named above. 
The varieties of raspberry selected for the experiment were Cuthbert for red, and 
Tyler and Gregg for black ; those of the blackberry were Stone’s hardy and Ancient 
Briton. All were growing in somewhat dense rows, and at the time of the first 
spraying, May 31, presented a thrifty appearance, and gave promise of a good crop 
of berries. At this time the leaves were nearly full grown and the flower buds 
though visible had not yet opened. Forty feet of row of each variety selected for 
the experiment was treated at the different sprayings with each of the fungicides 
named. Treatments were given on May 31, June 5, 18, 28, July 7 and 14. In the 
treatment of July 28, the Tyler and Cuthbert raspberries were omitted, as there 
were unmistakable indications of injury to the foliage. In the treatment of July 
7 and 14 all of the raspberries were omitted, as the fruit was beginning to ripen. 
During my visit to Mr. Hatch’s place, on July 24, it was evident that all of the 
fungicides used had injured the foliage to some extent on both the raspberry and 
blackberry. The injury seemed most pronounced in the case of Mixture No. 5, and 
least in that of ammoniacal copper carbonate. The foliage of the black cap rasp¬ 
berries showed more injury than that of the red, and there were indications that the 
crop would be injured or at least retarded. It was also evident that the Bordeaux 
mixture, on account of its adherence to the fruit, is very poorly adapted for use upon 
these crops. The Septoria was visible at this time on untreated rows of both the 
raspberry and blackberry. Where the treatments had been given, the blackness of 
the foliage rendered it difficult to decide to what extent the Septoria was active. 
The crop on all of the treated plants, except those of the Tyler raspberry,* and of 
the plants set off as checks was measured by Mr. Hatch at each picking. 
As the best means of determining the results of the treatments upon the yield of 
berries, the bearing wood from each section of row devoted to the experiment, including 
the checks, was cut out after the harvest, bound into bundles and weighed. The com¬ 
putations rendered possible from the data thus secured appear in the following table: 
* The fruit and foliage of the Tyler raspberry were practically destroyed by the 
fungicides. 
