39 
DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 
Plate V .—(Monilia fructigena .) 
Fig. 1. Blighted peach stem, showing dead persistent, flowers and leaves; g, gum 
exuded near union of blighted and living portion; w, stem of two year's 
growth. Collected some days after the entrance of the fungus. 
2. Peach stem collected same day as Fig. 1; a, withered persistent flower 
through which the mycelium entered the stem; bb, restricted area of 
blight, the distal end of the stem being still connected by a narrow isthmus 
of sound tissue with the parts below ; g, drop of exuded gum. 
3. Enlarged end of blighted stem showing conidia tufts which pushed through 
the bark on exposure to moist air. 
4. Conidiophore and conidia from one of the tufts shown in Fig. 3. 
5,G, 7. Mycelial threads from the gum cavities of the inner bark. (See Plate vi, 
Fig. 1.) 
Plate VI .—(Monilia fructigena )«- 
Fig. 1. Cross-section of a blighted peach stem, such as Fig. 1 of Plato v, showing a 
large gum cavity full of active mycelium; p. pith; x, xylem ; c, cavity con¬ 
taining remnants of cambium and soft bast and hyphse ; b, bast bundles, 
cp , cortical parenchyma; e, epidermis. On the opposite side of this stem 
was a cavity larger than that here shown. 
2. Enlarged cross-section of portion of a normal peach stem one year old, for 
comparison with Fig. 1. The portion destroyed is that included in the 
brace ; (1) Epidermis ; (2) subepidermal cells, usually destitute of chloro- 
. pliyll, but containing coloring matters in solution, e. g., reds or browns; 
(3) chlorophyll bearing cortical parenchyma ; (4) expansion of phloem ray 
cells ; (5) phloem ray cells separating bast bundles ; (6) bast bundle—out¬ 
lines of two others are indicated; (7) large cell containing a crystal of 
calcium oxalate ; (8) phloem ray cells separating the soft bast (4, 5, and 8, 
destitute of starch); (9) xylem ray cells full of starch ; (10) soft bast; (11) 
cambium ; (12) xylem fibers ; (13) vessels in the xylem. 
3. Longitudinal radial section along the medullary ray of a stem similar to the 
inner part of Fig. 2, showing wood, cambium, and soft bast with an over- 
lying portion of the ray. a, Cells of xylem ray gorged with starch; b, cells 
of phloem ray destitute of starch; c, pitted vessel; d, wood fibers; e , 
cambium cells; /, soft bast. The left part (1) is xylem; the right (2) is 
the inner part of the phloem, and is the portion destroyed by the Monilia. 
Sections from which Figs. 2 and 3 were drawn were cut from fresh material 
at the end of the growing season (November 1). 
THE IMPROVED JAPY KNAPSACK SPRAYER. 
By B. T. Galloway. 
(Plates VII-IX.) 
Something over three years ago the Japy brothers of Beaucourt, 
France, designed a knapsack sprayer, which is commended by every 
one who has used it, for its simplicity, durability and effectiveness. 
This machine is used largely throughout the vine-growing region of 
France and a few have been imported into this country. Recently a 
number of improvements have been made in the sprayer which make it 
even more valuable, placing it, in fact, in the front rank of machines of 
this description. For the benefit of American small fruit and vegetable 
