53 
245. Arthur, J. C.—Continued. 
perature of the water selected as most advisable in practical treatments is 
135° F., with time of immersion of 5 minutes. Shows further that the 
average height of treated seed when full grown is greater than that of un¬ 
treated, and records experiments upon effect on vitality of seed treated with 
hot water, showing that the treatment up to a certain point hastens germi¬ 
nation in a very remarkable degree, and also that no injury is sustained by 
treated seed when treated as long as 277 days before jdanting. Experiments 
with copper sulphate show this substance to retard germination and decrease 
the yield, although preventing the smut. 
246. Atkinson, George F. Black rust of cotton. A preliminary note; Bot.Gaz., vol. 
xvi, No. 3, pp. 61-65. 
246a.-. Black Rust of Cotton, Bull. 27, Agrl. Ex. Sta., Auburn, Ala., May, 1891, 
pp. 1-16. Attributes disease to attacks of four parasites, Colletotrichum gos- 
sypii, South., Macrosporium nigricantium, Atkinson (with figs.), Cercospora 
gossypina, Cooke, a species of Alternaria and a bacterial organism. Gives his¬ 
tory and description of the different forms, with notes upon the current theo¬ 
ries as to the cause of the rust; the parts most subject to diseases, power of 
the plant to resist fungous parasites, and prospective outline of experiments. 
247. -. Some Erysipheae from Carolina and Alabama (with plate and figs.). Journal 
Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, 1890, 7th year, part ii (published 1891), 
pp. 61-74. Offers results of the study of material collected in North and South 
Carolina and Alabama as a contribution to the knowledge of the Southern 
forms. Puts the matter in convenient sh ape for collectors and students, 
describing genera and species with hosts plants, as follows: Spliocrotheca cas- 
tagnei,~Lev.; S. 7mrawii,(DC.)Bur.; Erysiphe communis,(.Wnllv.) Fr.; E. ciclioracea - 
rum, DC.; E.liriodendri, Schw.; Uncinula spiralis, B. &C.; U. macrospora, Peck; 
ZJ.flexuosa, Peck; U. parvula, C. & P.; U. polychceta, (B. & C.) Masse; Phyl- 
lactinia suffulta, (Rab.) Sacc.; Podosphcerabiuncinata, C. &P.; Microsph(erasemi- 
tosta, B. & C.; M. diffusa , C. & P.; M. vaccinii, C. & P.; M. euphorbias, B. & 
C.; M. Van Bruntiana, Ger., which the author, in contradistinction to Burrill, 
separates from M. alni, (DC.) Winter, on account of the difference in ap¬ 
pendages (with figs.), Microspluera quercina, (Schw.) Burrill; M. caloclado- 
phora, Atkinson (Jf. densissima, E. & M. Jour. Mycology, vol. i, 1885, p. 101.) 
248. Bessey, C. E. An important work on the fungi. American Naturalist, February, 
1881, vol. xxv, No. 290, p. 150. Mentions Ellis & Everhart’s new work on 
Pyrenomycetes. (See No. 193.) 
249. Bjergaard, J. Pedersen. Prevention of rust in cereals. American Agriculturist, 
March, 1891, vol. l, No. 3, p. 136. Discusses various methods of treatment 
with hot water for the prevention of Puccinia graminis. Describes it to be pre¬ 
vented by immersing the seed grain for a certain time in warm water of a 
certain temperature, followed by rapid cooling in cold water. Gives the fol¬ 
lowing instructions : For prevention of rust in barley: “ Immerse the seed 
barley perfectly in cold water for 4 hours; let it stand in wet bags in a cool, 
not too drying place for at least 4 hours more before the dipping in warm 
water is to be performed.” Finds 123° F. to be sufficiently high temperature 
for the water to immerse seed grain in. Describes method of dipping as in 
case of smut of cereals. Concludes for oats, wheat, and rye, the grain may 
be dipped without previous soaking and that the temperature of the water 
for oats and wheat must be 133° F., to begin with, and 129° F. at end. Re¬ 
ports temperature of 126° as proving preventive of the rust. Discusses forms 
of hampers for containing seed. Refers to work of Jensen. 
250. Bolley, H. L. Grain smuts (with figs.). Bull. No. 1, Agrl. Ex. Station, Fargo, 
N. Dak., June, 1891. Brings together work of Arthur, Kellerman and 
Swingle, Jensen, and others upon the subject, using figures from various 
authors, together with original. Adds much of popular nature to express re¬ 
sults obtained by various investigators. 
