72 
and 04 //, but in many measurements I found conidia from 20 pi to 106 pi 
in length. One hundred measurements gave an average of 40.0 pi. 
The conidia have a straight or variously curved form, and even bifur¬ 
cate examples occur. They are often enlarged upon one side, and it is 
common to find their course quite angular in places. Instances are 
observed where projections extend out laterally much as when germi¬ 
nating, although these projecting cells have heavy walls like the re¬ 
mainder of the conidium. Not infrequently the basal cell is pyriform. 
The walls of the conidium, as well as the transverse septa, are mostly 
about J pi in thickness, distinct, yellowish, and firm. The cell contents 
are of a clear yellowish color and finely granular. When the conidium 
has been in water for a few hours the cell contents become more dis¬ 
tinct, and what seem like small oil drops appear and becomes aggre¬ 
gated at or near the ends of the cell. This is the first step in the proc¬ 
ess of germination. 
In germination the contents of the individual cells of the conidium 
press toward the ends. There appears near either end of the cell a 
number of small, yellowish, refractive bodies resembling oil drops. 
These may also be distributed through the entire cell, although most 
abundant at the ends. The general contents of the cells become more 
distinct. Through endosmose the cell soon grows turgescent, and by 
the pressure towards the ends the walls become distended, leaving the 
equator of the cell with a less diameter than the ends. This is a direct 
change of the condition in the cell prior to the first steps in germina¬ 
tion. At the ends of the conidium the enlargement may become almost 
knob like before any germ tube is evident. At the extremes of the 
cells about to develop tubes, the protoplasmic contents become fine 
and clear, while the cell wall at these points soon disappears, and 
growth begins by the pushing out of the tube or liypha. In a large 
number of germinating conidia observed at various times, the germ 
tube has nearly always arisen directly from the end of the cell or from 
the angle between the cell wall and septum. In comparatively few cases 
germination takes place directly from the side of the cell. While the 
cell contents are being arranged preparatory to germination the entire 
conidium is often seen to be passing through a new stage of develop¬ 
ment. It curves to one side in such a manner as to allow the individual 
cells of which it is composed to partially divide from one another. In 
many cases this process of division is not carried further than to allow 
the separating cells to assume a position at right angles to each other, 
thus leaving the newly separated ends of each exposed. Though only 
a portion of the cells become wholly separate in slide cultures, it is 
probable that, were the germ tubes to penetrate a natural substratum, 
these half divided cells would separate. It is interesting to note what 
advantages may arise from this strange turning to one side of the parts 
of the conidium. In the first place it exposes a new and tender cellu¬ 
lose wall at the end of the dividing cells, admitting of an easy protru- 
