176 
sulphuric acid. Finds samples of copper carbonate to contain from 62.79 
percent to 88.1 per cent. Shows Powell's “ Copperdine,” both dry and liquid, 
does not contain the amount of copper which it purports to. Gives simple 
tests for purity of copper as complete solution in water, nitric acid, and 
ammonia. (D. G. F.) 
523. Vetch, Robert, & Son. Potato disease. Gard. Chron., 3d ser., vol. 10, London, 
Sept. 17, 1891, p. 314, £ col. Reports successful treatment by copper com¬ 
pounds. (M. B. W.) 
524. Washburn, F. L. Practical work with the codling moth and with a combined in¬ 
secticide and fungicide. Bull. No. 10, Oregon Agric. Ex. Sta., Portland, April, 
1891, pp. 11-13. Gives formulae for combined treatment of fungi and insects. 
(a) 10 pounds whale oil soap dissolved in 20 gallons of water; (&) 1 pound 
concentrated lye, 2 pounds sulphur, and 1 gallon of water, heated until 
thoroughly mixed and dark brown. Add b to a and then heat for half an 
hour; add 30 gallons of water, and use at a temperature of 120° F. Gives 
variable results obtained in experiments with above formula. No con¬ 
trol trees left untreated to show actual difference, but author thinks the 
absence of scab on trees treated 5 times shows efficacy of solution as a 
fungicide. (D. G. F.) 
525. White, J. M. [Remarks on spraying.] Rept. N. J. State Board Agric., vol. 18, 
Trenton, 1891, pp. 102-104. Gives experience in spraying for prevention of 
fungous diseases and for destroying insects. Advocates using fungicides 
and insecticides together. (J. F. J.) 
526. Willis, J. J. Prevention of apple scab. Gard. Chron., 3d ser., vol. 9, No. 214 
London Jan. 31, 1891, pp. 149-150, 1£ col. Review of article by E. S. Goff in 
7tli Ann. Rep. of the Agric. Expt. Sta. of the Univ. of Wisconsin. (M. B. W.) 
(See also Nos. 335, 341, 342, 347, 348, 349, 350, 353, 363, 365, 366, 367, 382, 385, 
395, 405, 406, 409, 410, 411, 414, 415, 416, 422, 423, 425, 426, 432, 433, 434, 436,438, 
443, 449, 542, and 560.) 
E.—PHYSIOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION. 
527. Beyerinck, W. Sur l’aliment photogene et Palimentplastique desbacterieslumineuse. 
Arch. Neerlandaises, vol. 24, 4 me et 5 me livr., Haarlem, 1891, pp. 369-442, fig. 1. 
An important physiological paper. The following topics are discussed: 
(1) A glance at the species of phosphorescent bacteria known thus far; 
(2) methods of research; (3) special precautions; (4) the general conditions 
of nutrition; (5) plastic equivalents among microbes with carbonized pep¬ 
tone; (6) phenomena of extinction caused by photogenic food; (7) photogenic 
foods and plastic foods of Photobacteriumphosphorescens. Inactive and anti¬ 
septic matters; effect of different substances out he luminosity and growth 
Ph. phosphorescens ; (8) nutrition of Ph. indicum and Pli. luminosum; (9) 
theory of the luminous function; (10) does the light of the bacteria possess 
any biologic significance ? (11) applications to the study of enzymes. (E. 
F.S.) 
52§. Bourquelot, Em. Matieres sucrees contenues dans les Champignons. 5. Genres Can- 
tharellus, Ad., Russula, Pers., et Hygrophorus, Fr. Bull. Soc. Mycol., France, vol. 
7, No. 1, Paris, Mar. 31, 1891, pp. 50-52. 6. Ascomycetes. Ibid., No. 2, June 
30,1891, pp. 121-123. Genre Agaricus, Linne (2 e ser.). Ibid., No. 3, Sept. 30,1891, 
pp. 183-192. Notes the presence of mannite in Cantharellus tubceformis (Bull.)— 
young; Cantharellus cibarius, Fr.—dried; Russula Queletii, Fr.—young, adult; 
Russulacyanoxantha, (Scliaeff.)—adult, dried; Russulaadusta, (Pers.)—young; 
Russula nigricans, (Bull.)—dried; Hygrophorus hypothejus, Fr.—young, adult; 
Hygrophorus cossus, (Sowerb.)—young; and the presence of trehalose in 
Hygrophorus hypothejus, Fr.—young. In No. 2, pp. 183-192 notes presence 
of mannite in Bulgaria inquinans (Pers.)—young; Peziza ochracea, Bond—• 
adult; Peziza venosa (Pers.)—adult; Acetabula vulgaris (Fr.)—young, adult, 
