197 
Before taking up the experiments in detail, it may be said that they 
were designed primarily to determine— 
(1) The effect on winter wheat of treating the soil with various chem¬ 
icals before planting. 
(2) The effect of treating the seed, previous to planting, with chemi¬ 
cals and with hot water. 
(3) The effect of spraying and dusting the plants every ten days from 
the time they appeared above ground until harvest, using various prepa¬ 
rations having known fungicidal value and others that had never been 
tested in this respect. 
(4) The effect of spraying and dusting every twenty days, beginning 
and ending the same as in (3), and also using the same preparations. 
(5) The effect of spraying and dusting the plants every ten days, com¬ 
bined with soil treatment alone and with both soil and seed treatments. 
(6) The effect of spraying and dusting every twenty days combined 
with the other treatments, as in (5). 
(7) The effect on spring-planted wheat, oats, and rye of spraying and 
dusting with various fungicides and other preparations at intervals of 
two, ten, and twenty days, respectively. 
From the foregoing it will be seen that there were soil and seed treat¬ 
ments; spraying and dusting at intervals of two, ten, and twenty days; 
and a combination of these various methods. In all cases it should be 
borne in mind that the word “ effect” is here used in a broad sense, 
that is, it includes the influence of the various treatments on rust, 
as well as on the soil, seed, and plants. The foregoing general summary 
of the objects of the work will, it is hoped, enable the reader to under¬ 
stand the details which will now be taken up. 
EXPERIMENTS AT GARRETT PARK, MARYLAND. 
For the work at this place a piece of ground 400 feet long and 110 feet 
wide was selected. It was comparatively level, and as regards fertility 
and other necessary important conditions, was fairly even throughout. 
On September 20, 1891, the ground was plowed and thoroughly har¬ 
rowed, but owing to the fact that for several years it had been in 
clover it was with difficulty put in good condition for planting. On 
October 5 it was platted, the plats throughout being 3 feet wide and 
33 feet long. Walks 2 feet wide were left between each plat, and alleys 
3 feet wide were run every 33 feet from end to end of the entire block. 
Planting began on October 14 and was finished on the 25th of the same 
month. Every plat was planted by hand, the grain being sown at the 
rate of 2 bushels per acre in drills 9 inches apart. The drills were 
opened with a hoe, and after sowing the grain was covered with the same 
implement. The following is a list of the various treatments, set forth 
in tabular form. 
