282 
REVIEWS OF RECENT LITERATURE. 
(1) Zopf, Dr. Wilhelm. — Die Pike in morphologischer, physiologischer 
biologischer und systematischer Bezieliung. Breslau, 1890, pp. iii, 
500, figs. 163. Eduard Trewendt. 
(2) Kirchner, Dr. Oskar. — Die Kraiikheiten und Bescliddigungen un- 
serer landwirtschaftlichen Kulturpflanzen. Eiue Auleitung zu ihrer 
Erkeimuug und Bekampfung fur Landwirte, Gartner, etc. Stutt¬ 
gart, 1890, pp. x, 637. Eugene Ulmer. 
(1) The frequent use of this book for more than a year and the 
recent careful reading of the whole of it preparatory to this review, have 
served to strengthen the first impression, viz, that for the general 
student it is the best handbook yet published. We miss throughout 
it is true, De Bary’s classical style, and in places also his intimate 
knowledge and comprehensive grasp of details, but on the other hand 
there is a welcome absence of interminable minutiae, and a certain direct¬ 
ness and subordination of the parts to the whole that more than com¬ 
pensates. Naturally our first thought is to compare the book with 
De Bary’s Morphologic, but the two occupy different fields. De Bary 
concerns himself almost exclusively with structure, delighting in a 
wealth of detail, very useful to the specialist, but always very discour¬ 
aging to the general student, especially if to the perplexities of the sub¬ 
ject are added a condensed style and the difficulties of a foreign lan¬ 
guage, in this case now happily overcome for English readers by Garn- 
sey’s translation. 
As the title indicates, this work is an effort to cover the whole ground 
of morphological, physiological, and systematic mycology and, consid¬ 
ering the difficult nature of the task, it must be said that Dr. Zopf has 
succeeded admirably. 
The preface is dated Halle a. S., May, 1890, and the book is dedi¬ 
cated u Deni Andenhen von E. Fries, Tulasue, De Bary.” 
The book is divided into six chapters, and perhaps no better idea 
can be given of the scope of the work than to translate the run¬ 
ning heads of the chapters devoted to morphology, physiology, and 
biology. 
Chapter i, in 27 pages discusses The morphology of the vegetative 
organs: Typical mycelium—sprout mycelium—liaustoria—climbing my¬ 
celium—sclerotia—mycelial strands and pellicles—reduced mycelium. 
Chapter ii, in 68 pages, discusses The organs of fructification: 
Exosporousor conidial fructification, nature of conidia and mode of for¬ 
mation—forms of conidial organs—simple conidiophores—conidia 
bundles—conidia beds—conidia fruits; endosporous or sporangial 
fructification—simple sporangiopliores—sporangial beds—sporangial 
fruits—structure of the mature ascus fruit—development of the spor¬ 
angial fruits; zygosporous fructification; gemma (brood cells, chlamy- 
