302 
were affected by eating the grain. The following were found on the diseased grain: 
Fusarium roseum Lk., Gibberella saubinetii Sacc., Cladosporiurn herbarum Lk., Helmin- 
thosporium sp., Epicoccum neglectum Desm., Trichothecium roseum Lk., Eurotium horbario- 
rwmLk., Micrococcus sp. [causing redgrains], Hymenula glumarum Cke. &. Horke., Sphcerella 
or Didymella, Cladochyti mm graminis Biisg. Besides these, some unidentified forms are 
enumerated, one of which, a black stroma, looked extremely like Puccinia graminis , which 
latter fungus was almost entirely absent. All of the fungi, except Puccinia gramiuis and 
Cladochytrium graminis (both ot which were rare), are saprophytes, and are probably not 
the direct cause of the disease, which is considered to be due to the damp summer weather, 
inducing molding of the grain during curing. As a preventive measure, the practice of 
the neighboring people—Chinese and Coreans—is recommended. This consists simply in 
drying the gram under shelter and thus prevent its molding. Careful selection of seed is 
also enjoined. The cause of the disease produced in men and animals, the author thinks 
due to one or more of the following: Fusarium roseum , Gibberella saubinetii, Helmintho- 
sporium sp., Cladosporiurn herbarum. ~W. T. S.) 
(See also Nos. 743, 827, 833, 840, 843, 864, 885, 973, and 984.) 
III.— DISEASES OF FRUITS. 
737. [Anon.] Orange-tree diseases. <Fla. Disp., Farmer and Fruit Grower, n. scr., 
vol. hi, Jacksonville, July 16, 1891, p. 563. 
Reports account of visit of Erwin F. Smith and W. T. Swingle, agents of the IT. S. Dept, 
of Agric., to Florida to investigate the diseases of oranges. (D. G. F.) 
738. Argynnis [Sharpe, Alda M.]. Plums affected by fungus. <TrairieFarmer, vol. 
lviii, Chicago, July 4, 1891, p. 422, \ col., fig. 1. 
Figures plum with plum pockets, Taphrina pruni, giving short popular account of the 
disease. (D.G.F.) 
739. Bailey, A. New disease of the orange. <Fla. Agric., vol. xviii, De Land, Nov. 
11, 1891, p. 603, £ col. 
Describes disease on sweet orange similar to “scab.” Appeared first on lemon and spread 
to oranges. Sulphur solution, 10 or 12 gallons to 40 gallons of water, partially checked the 
disease. (J. F. J.) 
740. Brunk, T. L. Plum knots. <Am. Farmer, lOtli ser., vol. x, Baltimore, May 1, 
1891, p. 102, f col. 
Notes disease to be caused by Spharea morbosa [sic], and describes method of its propaga¬ 
tion. Recommends painting knots with linseed oil in the spring, and then “no spores will 
be found in the warts and they will crumble and fall away.” Red oxide of iron mixed with 
linseed oil gives perhaps better results than oil alone. Recommends also cutting out badly 
diseased trees. (J. F. J.) 
741. Butz, Geo. C. Black knot on plums. <Anu. Rept. Fenn. State College for 1890 
Harrisburg, 1891, pp. 166-167, pi. 1. 
(See No. 251.) (J.F.J.) 
742. Cobb, N. A. Notes on diseases of plants. <Agric. Gaz. N. S. Wales, vol. ii, Syd¬ 
ney, Jan., 1891, pp. 60-62. 
Gives a short popular description of aniliracnose or black spot on grapevines, and con¬ 
dition favorable for its development; also three remedies. Gives formulae for making Bor¬ 
deaux mixture and eau celeste, speaks of the success of these remedies in Europe and 
America. Then treats of “ pear blight” (Fusicladiumpirinum). Speaks of the close resem¬ 
blance of this fungus and that causing apple scab. Recommends ammonia-carbonate of 
copper to be used for spraying the trees and gives formulae for making. Under head of 
strawberry leaf-blight mentions places from which specimens of this disease have been re¬ 
ceived and gives remedies for prevention. Under “ Rust on marsh mallows ” quotes from a 
letter that it is popularly believed this rust is in some way connected with wheat rust. 
Makes one or two statements to show that this is probably not true. (M. Y.) 
743. Cobb, N. A. Notes on diseases of plants. <Agric. Gaz. N. S. Wales, vol. n, 
Sydney, Mar., 1891, pp. 155-157. 
Gives popular description of bitter rot of applo (Glceosporium versicolor), showing also 
that the disease can be given to other fruits, such as peach, cherry, mango, etc.; mentions 
treatment. Notes presence of “pear mite” and Fusicladium and their resemblance to each 
other, giving remedies for both diseases. Linseed plants from India and New Zealand were 
attacked by Melampsora lini, which caused great loss; finally, for peach rust recommends 
burning leaves, spraying trees in winter with sulphate of iron (1 pound to 8 gallons of 
water), and application of potash manures. (M. V.) 
744. Cobb, N. A. Notes on diseases of plants. <^Agric. Gaz. N. S. Wales, vol. ii, 
Sydney, June, 1891, pp. 347-348. 
Describes method of entrance of spores of common mold into core of apples, producing 
what is known as “moldy core.” Recommends modified eau celeste as a probable remedy. 
Also quotes from Gardeners’ Chronicle a description, by M. C. Cooke, of a new vine disease 
{Glceosporiumpesti/erum), received from Brisbane. (M. Y.) 
