338 
1 white man, at $1.25 per day, 48 days. $60 
5 colored men, at 75 cents per day, 48 days. 180 
2 teams, with wagons, at $2 each per day, 48 days. 192 
Total labor. $432 
Chemicals. 70 
Wear and tear on sprayers. 20 
Grand total. $522 
It will be seen from the foregoing that the cost of treating one tree 
four times (estimating 16,000 trees) was 3 cents and 2 mills, the cost of 
treating one tree once was 8 mills, and the cost of treating one acre 
(estimating 203 acres) was $2.56. 
It is undoubtedly true that the four treatments were more than were 
necessary, and that two sprayings well done would be all that could be 
desired, as shown by the experimental plats. In other words, had the 
facts brought out by the experiment been known at the beginning, the 
cost of spraying the orchard could have been reduced one-half. 
It is important to notice that the principal cost was the labor in apply¬ 
ing the mixture, the men and teams costing more than four-fifths of the 
total amount. The cost of the fungicide and apparatus was a relatively 
small matter. This suggests that future experiments should be directed 
toward improving the means of distributing the fungicide, and thereby 
reducing the amount of labor required. 
DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 
Plate xxxii.— Bartlett pear tree sprayed with Bordeaux mixture. 
Plate xxxiii.— Bartlett pear tree untreated and defoliated by leaf-blight. 
EXPERIMENTS WITH FUNGICIDES TO PREVENT LEAF-BLIGHT 
OF NURSERY STOCK. 
By D. G. Fairchild. 
The following paper gives details of experiments carried on at Geneva, 
N. Y., to prevent leaf-blight of pear and other seedlings. An abstract 
of the work has already been published,* but in this paper there will 
be given in detail the various formulae used, with notes upon chemical 
reactions and upon the effects of the different substances employed. 
EXPERIMENTS WITH PEAR SEEDLINGS. 
The experiment with pear seedlings was carried on in cooperation 
with Prof. S. A. Beach, botanist of the New York State Experiment Sta¬ 
tion. 1 wish here to express my thanks to him for his careful attention 
to the planting and cultivation of the seedlings, for his assistance in 
their treatment, and for his valuable aid in taking notes upon the 
results. 
* Report of Sec. of Agr. for 1892, pp. 224-229. 
