409 
1087. Spicer, R. P. —Continued. 
as tbe result of observation and experiment the following: (1) If oats continue to be grown 
they should be sown as early in tbe spring as possible, and only such varieties as the Everett 
or improved American should be used; (2) of barleys the most valuable is the Manshury, 
which should be sown early and raised in preference to oats of any variety; (3) all varieties 
of spring wheat are unreliable and should be discarded. The best varieties of winter wheat 
tested were Turkish and Golden Cross (see also Exp. Sta. Rec., vol. u, Dec., 1890, pp. 213- 
215). (J. E. J.) 
1088. Sturgis, W. C. Preliminary report on the so-called “ pole-burn ” of tobacco. <Wnn. 
Rept. Conn. Agr. Exp. Sta. for 1891, New Haven, 1892, pp. 168-184. 
Discusses the origin of the disease, due to a fungus, and caused by hanging the tobacco so 
close as to prevent tree circulation of air, and by the presence of moisture, due to fogs, dew, 
etc. Describes the effects of the disease, and states it is due to a species of Gladosporium, 
which, by partially destroying the tissues of' the leaf, gives access to bacteria. Describes 
methods of culture and gives remedies; the latter are, better ventilation and improved meth¬ 
ods of curing, mainly by artificial heat (see Exp. Sta. Rec., vol. in, June, 1892, pp 773-775). 
(J. F. J.) 
1089. Sturgis, W. C. Stem-rot [of tobacco]. <[Ann. Rept. Conn. Agr. Exp. Sta. for 
1891, New Haven, 1892, pp. 184-186. 
Describes appearance of disease and states that it is due to a fungus referred provisionally 
to the genus Botrytis. Gives brief sketch of life history and names it B. longibrachiata. As 
remedies, recommends cleanliness, burning all diseased stems and leaves, and having the 
barn floor sprinkled with air-slaked lime and sulphur. If door be of earth, cover with clean, 
dry earth to depth of 1 inch. Fumigation by burning sulphur also recommended (see Exp. 
Sta. Iiec., vol. in, June, 1892, pp. 775-777). (J. F. J.) 
1090. Thaxter, R. Potato scab. <[Ann, Rept. Conn. Agr. Exp. Sta. for 1891, New 
Haven, 1892, pp. 153-160. 
Reviews work of Bolley, Arthur, and himself on the disease, and quotes from Bolley as to 
the identity of surface aiid deep scab (see No. 382). Gives details of experiments in plant¬ 
ing scabby tubers, and concludes that application of fungicides to plants is useless. Recom¬ 
mends (1) use of seed free from scab; (2) not to plant on land which has produced diseased 
crops of potatoes or beets or has been fertilized with manure from stock fed with scabby pota¬ 
toes; (3) not to feed scabby tubers to stock without cooking; (4) fertilize with other mate¬ 
rials than barnyard manure; (5) dig potatoes as soon as possible after maturity. Describes 
fungus producing the disease under name of Oospora scabies, n. sp., and discusses its position 
in classification (see Nos. 238 and 311; also Exp. Sta. Rec., vol. in, June, 1892, pp. 771-772). 
(J. F.J.) 
1091. Tracy, S. M. Cooperative branch stations in the South. <[Rept. Sec. of Agr. for 
1891, Washington, 1892, pp. 5-12 (reprint). 
On p. 8 notes that Puccinia coronata attacks and kills Holcus lanatus when about ready to 
bloom. (J. F. J.) 
1092. Windmiller, Fr. How to prevent tomato rot. < Am. Gardening, vol. xm, New 
York, Apr., 1892, p. 221, J col. 
Gives experience in planting tomatoes for two years in succession on same ground, and 
concludes it is necessarv to plant crop on new ground each year if rot is to be prevented. 
(J.F.J.) 
(See also Nos. 1053, 1105, 1107, 1108, 1172, 1192, 1196, 1204.) 
III.—DISEASES OF FRUITS. 
109U. [Anon.] Apple scab (Fusicladium dendriticum). <Grev., vol. xx, No. 93, Sept., 
1891, London, pp. 27-29. 
Notes the receipt of strongly developed specimens of this fungus on leaves of the apple 
from different parts of the country [Great Britain] and a profusion of samples from Australia. 
The recommendations for treatment by spraying with fungicides are quoted from the U. S. 
Department of Agriculture Reports (see Gard. Chron., 3d ser., vol. x, Nov. 14, 1891, p. 
580). (M. B. W.) 
1094. [Anon.] Bladder plums. <^Gard. Cliron., 3d ser., vol. ix, London, May 30, 
1891, pp. 672-673, figs. 2. 
Notes the disease to be due to Taphrina or Exoascus pruni and states a close connection 
exists between it and Exoascus deformans causing peach blister. (J. F. J.) 
1095. [Anon.] Citron culture in Corsica. <[Gard. Chron., 3d ser., vol. xi, London, 
Jan. 30 and Feb. 6, 1892, pp. 149-150, 182-183. 
In noticing a report of the British Consul at A.jaccio, refers to diseases affecting the tree. 
“White-root'’ is the worst Due to a fungus attacking the cortical tissue of the root. 
Describes appearance. Recommends, (1) pruning to the quick all roots deprived of vitality 
and apportioning branches to correspond to root system, and then surrounding tree with 
deep trench with a free passage for overflow of water; (2) pruning affected roots and applying 
