410 
1095. [Anon.]—C ontinued. 
tar to cut ends (this gives best results); (3) aeration of roots, exposing them and filling in space 
with stones or charcoal and filling up about trunk of tree 15 inches above surface of ground. 
Fumagine (smut or citron black) also described. Destroyed by 'whitewashing tree as far as 
bark extends and spraying the leaves. Tobacco juice and soft-soap spray also gives good 
results. The branches should also be trimmed out so as to allow air to circulate freelv 
(J. F.J.) 
1096. [Anon.] Raspberry anthracnose. <Ain. Gardening, vol. xm, New York, Apr. 
1892, p. 239, A col. 
Describes the disease and recommends plenty of air and sunlight between the canes. 
Before buds start, spray with sulphate of iron (2 pounds in 5 gallons of water); and if it' 
appears later use Bordeaux mixture. Burn badly diseased canes. (J. F. J.) 
1097. [Anon.] The filbert fungus. <Am. Agr., vol. li, New York, I)ee., 1892, p. 755, 
i col. 
States that as the fungus affecting filberts has not yet been discovered, there is no method 
to bo recommended to check it. It resembles black knot of plum and cherry, but probably 
belongs to a different genus. It is destructive to foreign varieties, but does not seem as yet 
to have attacked natives. (J. F. J.) J 
1098. Atkins, Jr., E. [Peach-rust and fire-blight.] <Dept. Agr. N. S. Wales, Bull. 
No. 4, Sydney, Feb., 1891, p. 24. 
Notes the occurrence of the diseases at Ermingtou, and says lime will prevent the former. 
(J. F. J.) 
1099. Bailey, L. H. [Fruit spot of plum.] <Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 38, 
Ithaca, N. Y., June, 1892, p. 56, fig. 1. 
Notes disease affecting the fruit, referred by Humphrey to a species ofPhoma. (J. F.J.) 
1109. “ Bedford Farmer. 7 ’ Fungous disease in orange trees. <[Agr. Jour. Cape 
Colony, vol. iv, Cape Town, Nov. 19, 1891, p. 118, § col. 
Describes a disease affecting the bark of orange twigs. Ashes and sulphur applied to 
stem of tree said to stop the disease. Supposed to be spread from tree to tree by water used 
in irrigating. (J. F. J.) 
1101. Beinling, E. Ueber das Auftreten von Rebenkrankheiten im Grossherzogtum 
Baden im Jahre 1891. <[Zeitsch. Pflanzenkrank., vol. ii, Stuttgart, 1892, 
pp. 207-210. 
The vine diseases in Baden in 1891 were especially mildew, black rot, arid the so-called 
false mildew, due to Peronospora viticola. Sphaceloma ampelinum , the well-known anthrac¬ 
nose, has not been observed. Boot mold, due to Dematophora necatrix, is, on the other 
hand, widespread and seems to increase every year. (T. H.) 
1102. Bessey, C. E. The smut of Indian corn. <01iio Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 10, 
vol. hi, 2d ser., Columbus, Nov., 1890, pp. 264-272, figs. 2. 
Describes the general appearance of the disease and its wide prevalence. Opinions 
differ as to its effect on cattle, as shown by letters quoted. Describes the structure and 
growth of the spores, and discusses the question of how to reduce the quantity of smut. 
Clean cultivation, rotation of crops, destruction of infected plants, and use of clean seed are 
all said to have influence in reducing the amount. (J. F. J.) 
1 103. Bridle. [Windsor pear-blight.] <[Dcpt. 
Sydney Feb., 1891, p. 25. 
Agr. 
N. S. Wales, Bull. No. 4, 
States that disease is overcome to a certain extent bv ^ 
stock. (J. F.J.) J * 
rafting the 
Windsor on another 
1104. 
1105 . 
Brunk, T. L. Pear stocks. <Tex. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 9, College Station, 
May, 1890, pp. 5-22, figs. 7. 
Refers to susceptibility of certain varieties of pears to blight, stating that Le Conte and 
Jiietter are less subject to the disease on well drained soils in the Gulf States on their own 
than oil trench stock. Root rot of pears seems to be caused by Ozonium auricomum 
which aiso attects cotton and other plants. Describes the effects of the disease in pear trees’. 
Chester, F. D. Report of the mycologist. <Third Ann. Kept. Del. Agr. Exp. 
Sta. for 1890, Newark, 1891, pp. 45-91, figs. 15. 
Gives details of experiments in various vineyards to prevent black rot and anthracnose. 
Tables of the product of the vines and statements of the money value of the sprayings are 
k r \y ei ' • a general way the experiments point to Bordeaux mixture as the best fungicide with 
which to treat badly infected vineyards, rut when the disease has been brought under control 
alter one or two seasons work, carbonate if copper and carbonate of ammonia mixture is 
equally as effective and less expensive. Bordeaux mixture, while acting as a fungicide pos¬ 
sesses the additional advantage of stimulating the growth of the vines. It also controls 
anthracnose. An experiment in bagging grapes is also described, several periods of infection 
being mentioned, these seem dependent upon weather conditions. Directions are given for 
