148 Cockroaches, Locusts, Grasshoppers, and Crickets 
thorax to the abdomen and more or less covers it. In some species the 
pronotum actually extends beyond the tip of the abdomen. The head is 
deeply set in the prothorax, the prosternum being expanded into a broad 
border which nearly covers the mouth. As all the grouse-locusts are dark- 
colored and without any conspicuous markings, and choose for habitat the 
dark ground along streams and ponds, or swampy meadows, they are 
Fig. 194. Fig. 195. Fig. 196. 
Fig. 194. —Nomotettix parvus. (After Lugger; natural size indicated by line.) 
Fig. 195.— Tettigidea lateralis. (After Lugger; natural size indicated by line.) 
Fig. 196.— Tettix granulatus, and pronota of two varieties. (After Lugger; natural size 
indicated by line.) 
infrequently seen except by persistent students. They vary much in colora¬ 
tion and slight markings, and harmonize thoroughly with the soil on which 
they habitually live. They feed on lichens, moulds, germinating seeds, 
and sprouting grasses, and are said to eat 
surface mud and muck containing or largely 
consisting of decaying vegetable matter. The 
eggs are laid in a pear-shaped mass in a 
shallow burrow; in May and June the young 
hatch in from sixteen to twenty-five days, 
becoming mature in late fall, or sometimes 
not until the following spring. The nymphs 
and adults hibernate, becoming active again 
early in spring. A common species is Tettix 
granulatus (Fig. 196), slender, length about 
\ inch, and with the narrow pointed pronotum 
extending beyond the abdomen. This species 
hibernates among rubbish and loose bark, but 
is more or less active on warm winter days. 
It is plentiful all through the rest of the year 
on its feeding-grounds. T. ornatus (Fig. 197) is a shorter, more robust 
species, and is marked with black spots and indefinite yellow blotches as 
Fig. 197 
Fig. 197. — Tettix ornatus. (After 
Lugger; natural size indicated 
by line.) 
Fig. 198. —Paratettix cucullatus. 
(After Lugger; natural size 
indicated by line.) 
