156 Cockroaches, Locusts, Grasshoppers, and Crickets 
hopper,” C. maculatus (Fig. 213), with sooty brown body dotted with 
pale spots. Some of the wingless Locustids are found in caves, and these 
are either blind or have the eyes much reduced. One of these cave-crickets, 
Hadcenucus subterraneus , is common in the larger caves of Kentucky, where 
it may be found creeping about on the walls. Garman states that it speedily 
dies when removed from the cave. The genus Atlanticus comprises dull- 
Fig. 218.—The western cricket, Anabrus purpurascens, male. (After Lugger; nat. size.) 
colored species with the pronotum extending like a shield back over the 
base of the abdomen, and although the hind wings are wanting, rudimentary 
wing-covers are present, and in the males carry a circular stridulating organ. 
These are called “shield-backed grasshoppers” 
and are to be found in dry upland woods and on 
sloping hillsides with sunny exposure. The two 
common species in the East and the Mississippi 
Valley are A. dorsalis , with pronotum well rounded 
behind, and A. pachymerus (Fig. 216), with pro¬ 
notum nearly square. 
A genus similar to Atlanticus found commonly 
in California is Tropizaspis (Fig. 217), the males 
( 
Fig. 220. 
Fig. 219. —The western cricket, Anabrus purpurascens, female. (After Lugger; nat¬ 
ural size.) 
Fig. 220. —The Jerusalem cricket, Stenopelmatus sp. (Natural size.) 
