2i6 Bugs, Cicadas, Aphids, and Scale-insects 
(family Cydnidae) have an oval rounded or elliptical blackish body with the 
front legs more or less flattened and fitted for digging. They are found 
burrowing in sandy places or under sticks or stones. They probably suck 
the sap from plant-roots. 
SUBORDER PARASITA. 
The members of the suborder Parasita are the disgusting and discom¬ 
forting degenerate wingless Hemiptera known as lice. They live parasitic- 
ally on the bodies of various mammals, the ones most familiar being the 
three species found on man, all belonging to the genus Pediculus, and the 
several species of the genus Haematopinus found on domestic animals, as 
dogs, horses, cattle, sheep, etc. Both these genera together with a few 
others found on various wild animals, belong to the Pediculidae, the single 
family of the suborder represented in this country. The only other family, 
Polycterridae, contains but two species, both found on bats, one in Jamaica 
and the other in China. 
All the Pediculids are wholly wingless, have the mouth-parts fused to 
form a flexible sucking-tube, and the feet provided with a single strong curved 
claw which specially adapts them for clasping and clinging to hairs. The 
i 
Fig. 299. Fig. 300. 
Fig. 299. —The head-louse of man, Pediculus capitus. (After Lugger; natural size 
indicated by line.) 
Fig. 300. —The body-louse of man, Pediculus vestimenti. (After Lugger; natural size 
indicated by line.) 
sucking-beak has been described by Uhler as “a fleshy unjointed rostrum 
capable of great extension by being rolled inside out, this action serving 
to bring forward a chaplet of barbs which imbed themselves in the skin to 
