232 Nerve-winged Insects; Scorpion-flies; Caddis-flies 
Claws very stout, swollen..... Acanthaclisis. 
Claws slender at base, not swollen. 
Wings with a black band at tip or eye-like spots. Dendroleon. 
Wings not as above. 
Tibia with no spurs (short but conspicuous spines)... Maracanda. 
Tibia with spurs. 
Wings with a single row of costal areoles (small cells)... Myrmeleon. 
Wings with a double row of costal areoles.. Brachynemurus. 
The subfamily Ascalaphinae includes but three genera and six species, 
the larvae of which do not dig pits (as far as known), but hide under stones 
sometimes with the body partially covered with sand, or even nearly buried 
in it, and wait for prey to come within reach of their long, sickle-like jaws. 
The adults of this subfamily can be readily recognized by their long antennae, 
knobbed at the tip, like the antennae of butterflies. The habits and life- 
history of Ulula hyalina, an Ascalaphid found in the southern states, have 
recently been studied by McClendon in Texas. The adult fly when at 
rest clings, motionless, to some small branch or stalk, head down with wings 
and antennae closely applied to the branch, and abdomen erected and often 
bent so as to resemble a short brown twig or dried branch (Fig. 322). The 
Fig. 322. 
Fig. 323. 
Fig. 322.—An Ascalaphid, Ulula hyalina, male. (After McClendon; natural size.) 
Fig. 323.—Larva of Ulula hyalina. (After McClendon; natural size, £ inch.) 
eggs are arranged in two rows along a stalk and fenced in below by little 
rod-like bodies called repagula, placed in circles around the stalk. The 
eggs hatch in nine or ten days, and the larvae (Fig. 323) crawl down, after a 
day of resting, and hide under stones or in slight depressions. The body 
is covered with sand and the jaws open widely. When a small insect crawls 
within reach the jaws snap together, pinioning the victim on the curved 
points. The jaws are grooved along the inner or lower side and the maxillae 
fit into these grooves so as to form a pair of ducts or channels through which 
the blood is sucked into the mouth. The larva often changes its hiding-place 
