The Moths and Butterflies 
4°S 
Fig. 587.—The raspberry dagger- 
moth, A crony eta impressa. (After 
Lugger; natural size.) 
shade-trees in town and country and another, less common, attacking orchards 
and forest-trees. The caterpillars (Fig. 588) of Notolophus leucostigma, 
the white-marked tussock-moth, which is the shade-tree species, are about 
ij inches long, very hairy, bright yellow with a blackish stripe along the back 
and one along each side, but chiefly conspicuous by a series of four cream- 
colored dense tufts of vertical hairs on the back, three long black hair pen¬ 
cils, two on the front part and one on the 
hind part of the body, and by the coral-red 
head and similarly colored two small pro¬ 
tuberances on the sixth and seventh abdom¬ 
inal segment which are scent-organs used 
to repel enemies. When full-grown these 
caterpillars pull the hairs from their body 
and mixing them with some silk make a 
grayish cocoon on the tree-trunks. The fe¬ 
male moth is wingless, light gray in color, 
and unusually long-legged for a moth; when issued she simply crawls out of the 
cocoon and lays her 300 to 500 eggs covered by a frothy-looking but firm sub¬ 
stance in a grayish mass on the outside of it. The males are ashy gray and 
have broad short wings, expanding i\ inches, the fore wings with darker wavy 
transverse bands, a small black spot near the tip, an oblique blackish stripe 
beyond it, and a minute white crescent near the outer hinder angle. The 
antennae are feathery, and the 
// / /Z/' f° re legs tufted with hairs. The 
best remedy for these pests is 
to gather the egg-masses in the 
winter and put them into a box 
with its top covered by mosquito- 
Fig. 588. —Larva of the tussock-moth, Noto- ne tting. In the spring the moths 
lophns leucostigma. (After Felt, natural size.) . . .... 
and the egg parasites which are 
numerous will hatch; the minute parasites will escape through the netting 
to go on with their good work, while the moths will be retained in the box 
and may be killed. 
The orchard and fruit-tree species, Parorgyia parallela , the parallel- 
lined tussock-moth, is winged in both sexes, the moths being dark gray with 
darker-colored wavy lines and spots. The caterpillars are gray with lon¬ 
gitudinal black stripes; short black tussocks are found on the back of seg¬ 
ments 4 to 7, a pair of long black pencils is at each end of the body, and on 
the back of each of segments 9 and 10 is a small pale-yellow scent-cup. 
The head is shining black. It feeds especially on plum-, crabapple-, and 
oak-trees. 
The most notorious member of the Noctuidas is the gypsy-moth, Ocneria 
