610 Color and Pattern and their Uses 
Weismann, and others. Shelford,* in an extended account of mimicry as 
exemplified among the insects of Borneo, refers to and illustrates many striking 
examples among the beetles, the Hemiptera, Diptera, Orthoptera, Neurop- 
tera, and moths: distasteful Lycid beetles are closely mimicked by other 
beetles, by Hemiptera, and by moths; distasteful ladybird-beetles are mim¬ 
icked by Hemiptera, Orthoptera, and by other beetles; stinging Hymen- 
Fig. 795.—The monarch butterfly, Anosia plexippus (above), distasteful to birds, and 
the viceroy, Basilar chia ar chip pus (below), which mimics it. 
optera are mimicked by stingless Hymenoptera, by beetles, flies, bugs, and 
moths. Poulton and Marshall, in their account of mimicry among South 
African insects, publish many colored plates revealing most striking resem¬ 
blances between insects, well defended by inedibility or defensive weapons, 
and their mimickers. 
Our space unfortunately prevents any specific consideration of these 
various interesting cases. 
The special conditions under which mimicry exists have been studied and 
are of extreme interest. It is obvious that the inedible or defended mimicked 
form must be more abundant than the mimicker, so that the experi¬ 
menting young bird or lizard may have several chances to one of getting an 
* Shelford, R. Observations on some Mimetic Insects and Spiders from Borneo 
and Singapore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1902, pp. 230 et seq. 
