132 
THE PLANT WORLD. 
uncolored. The conclusion attained is that the anthers are 
neither adherent merely nor are they grown together in the usual 
meaning of the expression, but the cuticle only of adjacent anthers 
becomes grown together for a little distance and remains so. 
There is thus formed a cuticular ligament or short tube which 
completely surrounds the five anthers from which it is derived, but 
in which they are free. The secondarily exposed surfaces of the 
anthers do not become cuticularized. When the anthers are ripe 
and spring open, the common cuticular investment is loose from 
the outer surfaces of the anthers. That of the inner faces how¬ 
ever remains still attached to the walls of the anthers. F. E. L. 
By growing grape vines under proper control in situations so 
that the wind could play upon them for a total growing season, 
A. Heller* has shown that the leaves suffered in becoming brown 
about the edges. By the end of June those leaves which were 
almost constantly moved by the wind began to show a brown dis¬ 
coloration of the single teeth and of portions of the edge, and a 
month later numerous leaves showed this discoloration throughout 
the whole extent of the margin. The leaves hardly ever suffered 
any wilting in the sound parts, these remaining so till the end of 
the autumn, since the damage done by the relatively weak winds 
made advances only slowly. On the islands of the North Sea on 
the other hand the damage spreads to the whole leaf. The damage 
thus caused has been variously attributed to the temperature of 
the wind or the salt or sand carried by it. The point raised by 
Hansen has important bearings on the explanations given for the 
damage or destruction of vegetation in regions where the climate 
is unfavorable to it, as well as in places where the vegetation is 
supposed to have been harmed by the smoke from factories. It 
will hereafter be necessary to analyze the problem more closely 
so as to determine what damage may have been caused by the 
wind alone and what by the possible materials carried by the wind 
which are harmful to plants. F. E. L. 
“ A remarkable instance of what the author thinks may be 
true mimicry in plants is described by Dr. R. Marloth.* Years 
* Flora, 93 : 32. 1903. 
* Trans. So. Af. Phil. Soc., 15:97. 
