INSECTS AND INSECTICIDES 
23 
GRAPE FLEA BEETLE. (Graptodera chalybaea) 
A small steel-blue beetle appearing early in the spring and 
again in midsummer and feeding upon the foliage. The beetles 
deposit eggs which soon hatch into small dark-colored larvae 
which also eat holes in the leaves. 
Remedies — Arsenical poisons (3-8) sprayed or dusted upon the foliage. 
If unsafe to use poisons, dust freely withPyrethum (22). 
GR\PE-LEAF HOPPERS. (Typhlocyba sp.) 
Small jumping and flying insects, often called “grape thrips.” 
The insects often fly out from the vine in great numbers when the 
latter is jarred and return quickly to the under side of the leaves. 
As a result of the punctures and the extraction of the sap, the 
leaves lose their dark green color and at first are minutely specked 
and freckled with white, as shown at Plate 3, Fig. I. Fater the 
leaves shrivel and die. The red spiders, brown mites and thrips 
cause a similar appearance of the foliage they attack. 
Remedies.—Spray forcibly with kerosene emulsion (14),kerosene and 
water (16), or whale-oil soap (12) very early in the morning while the in¬ 
sects are dormant and drop readily from the leaves. Burn dry 
leaves, dead grass and other rubbish in the vicinity of the vineyard 
during winter or early spring, on a cold day. 
GRASSHOPPERS. 
Remedies .—Use arsenical spray (3 8) where safe. If not safe to spray, 
use the arsenic-bran mash (2) freely about the borders of the vineyard 
and about the vines. Make free use of hopper-pans (34) in adjoining fields 
to reduce the number of hoppers before they reach the vineyard. Plow 
or thoroughly harrow the ditch banks and the borders of the field late in 
the fall to destroy as many of the eggs as posible. 
INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE CURRANT. 
IMPORTED CURRANT-BORER. [Sesia tipuliformis .] 
Yellowish white larvae burrowing in stems, giving rise to 
wasp-like moths in June. The moths closely resemble those of 
the peach borer, shown at Plate 4 > Fig. 1. 
Remedies . — Cut out the infested stems and burn them during winter 
or early spring. Also keep the old wood well trimmed out of the bushes, 
and always burn promptly the parts cut out. 
CURRANT SAW-FLY. [Pristiphora grossulariae.] 
A green larva, about half an inch long when fully grown, 
feeding upon the leaves of currant and gooseberry bushes. Ap¬ 
pearing late in June and again about the last of August. The 
adult insect is a black four-winged fly about the size of a house- 
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