THE HOWARD SCALE 13 
pie to prepare for spraying. It requires no special manipulation and 
is pleasant to apply. Scalecide was sprayed upon trees in another 
orchard and gave most promising results. The kerosene-lime emulsion 
proved a failure, as too great difficulty was encountered in mixing the 
materials. 
The lime and sulfur sprays were, from, all standpoints, most satis¬ 
factory. They were used in the experiment as follows: 
(1) Rex lime and sulfur, diluted i to n with cold water. 
(2) . Rex lime and sulful, diluted 1 to 8 with cold water and 15 
pounds lime added per 50 gallons spray. 
(3) Time-sulfur-soda wash prepared without use of external 
heat and boiled by the soda and heat of the slaking lime. Thirty 
pounds lump lime, 15 pounds sulfur and 5 pounds caustic soda per 
50 gallons water were used. 
(4) Time-sulfur wash prepared in the usual way by boiling 45 
minutes with external heat and composed of 15 pounds lime, 15 pounds 
sulfur per 50 gallons water. 
A portion of the trees were left unsprayed for comparison. Before 
spraying, counts were made which showed 69 per cent of the lice living 
and 31 per cent dead from natural causes. 
These comparisons for all plats are shown in the following table: 
LIME-SULFUR WASHES AGAINST HOWARD SCALE ON PEAR. 
« 
Spray 
Formula 
Cost 
per 
200 
gallons 
spray 
Date 
Spray’d 
Scales on 
bark Apr. 
25 
Per cent 
dead 
Scales on 
pears 
Aug. 17 
Per cent 
pears pit’d 
Commercial 
Rex Lime- 
Sulfur 
Rex, 1 gallon 
Water, 11 gallons 
$4.15 
3-5 Apr. 
74.9 
-1.0 
do. 
Rex, 1 gallon 
Water, 8 gallons 
Lime, 2f pounds 
$5.70 
6 Apr. 
85.2 
2.8 
Self-boiled 
Lime-sulfur 
soda 
Lime, 30 pounds 
Sulfur, 15 “ 
Caustic Soda, 51b 
Water, 50 gallons 
$3.45 
6 Apr. 
95.0 
1.0 
Lime-sulfur 
Boiled 
Lime, 15 pounds 
Sulfur, 15 pounds 
Water, 50 gallons 
Boiled 45 min. 
$2.00 
5 Apr. 
93.8 
0.6 
Check 
Not Sprayed 
48.0 
96.1 
The above spraying observations were made upon both treated 
and check trees throughout the season. Two means of comparison 
