234 
VIOLACEAE. 
Viola canadensis scopulorum A. Gray. (V. scopulorum Greene) Colo, and 
N. M. Low, tufted and spreading, more or less pubescent; the stipules very 
large, scarious.—Horsetooth Gulch. 
14. Viola retroscabra Greene. Mountains, Colo, and N. M. to southern 
Calif.—Alt. 6000-10,000 ft.—Grayback mining camps; Cerro Summit; Cameron 
Pass; Cimarron; Mancos; along Uncompahgre River near Ouray; Brecken- 
ridge; Bob Creek; West Indian Creek; Pagosa Springs; Minturn, Eagle Co.; 
mountain near Veta Pass; Chambers’ Lake; mountains of Estes Park, 
Larimer Co. 
15. Viola bellidifolia Greene. High mountains, Wyo. and Colo.—Alt. 8000- 
12,000 ft.—Marshall Pass; Slide Rock Canon, West La Plata Mountains; 
Alpine Tunnel; Bob Creek Divide; Graymont; Cameron Pass; Columbine; 
mountains of Estes Park; Chambers’ Lake; Red Mountain; Gunnison; source 
of Leroux, Delta Co.; Eldora to Baltimore; summit of North Park Range, 
Larimer Co.; Rabbit-Ear Range, Routt Co. 
2. CALCEOLARIA Loefl. Nodding Violet. 
1. Calceolaria verticillaria (Ortega) Kuntze. ( Ionidium polygalaefolium 
Vent.; Ionidium lineare Torr.) Plains, Colo, and Kans. to Tex., Ariz. and 
Mex.—Brantly Canon, Las Animas Co.; Canon City. 
Order 35. OPUNTIALES. 
Sepals and petals 4 or 5 very unlike;* leaves ample; plants erect, not succulent, 
with rigid hairs. 92. Loasaceae. 
Sepals and petals nearly alike, at least the latter numerous ; leaves typically and 
in all ours mere scales or wanting; succulent plants armed with spines. 
93. Cactaceae. 
Family 92. LOASACEAE Reichenb. Loasa Family. 
Placentae with horizontal lamellae between the seeds; these in two rows, 
flat, more or less winged. 1. Touterea. 
Placentae without lamellae ; seeds usually prismatic. 
Placentae slender, filiform; ovules in one row, 10-40; seeds minutely muricate, 
not striate; filaments free or nearly so. 2. Acrolasia. 
Placentae broad, band-like; ovules in 1-2 rows, few; seeds distinctly striate, 
often rugose ; filaments at the base united with the petals into a ring. 
3. Mentzei.ia. 
1. TOUTEREA Eat. & Wright. 
Upper leaves entire. 1. T. multicaulis. 
All leaves pinnatifid, lobed or toothed. 
Petals obtuse, spatulate, 1-2 cm. long. 2. T. multiflora. 
Petals acute. 
Petals greenish-yellow; seeds irregularly angled on the face. 
3. T. lutea. 
Petals golden yellow to straw color; seeds not angular on the face. 
Petals golden yellow, about 2 cm. long or less. 
Low, less than 3 dm. high ; leaves less than 6 cm. long. 
Seeds merely margined. 4. T. chrysantha. 
Seeds winged. 
* Many species of Touterea have petaloid staminodia of which the outer 5 
sometimes are as broad as the petals and resemble them. 
