CICHORIACEAE. 
403 
Heads solitary on leafless scapes. 12. Nothocalais. 
Beaks of the achenes distinct and slender; plants scapiferous. 
Achenes 10-ribbed or 10-nerved, not spinose-muricate; involucres more 
or less imbricated. 13. Agoseris. 
Achenes 4-5-ribbed, muricate-spinulose at least near the apex; in¬ 
volucres of a single series of principal bracts and several or numer¬ 
ous calyculate ones below. 14. Taraxacum. 
2. Achenes flattened; leafy-stemmed plants with paniculate heads. 
Achenes narrowed at the top or beaked; pappus-bristles falling separately; 
involucres cylindraceous. 15. Lactuca. 
Achenes truncate at the top; pappus-bristles falling off more or less in 
connection; involucres hemispherical or campanulate. 
16. Sonchus. 
1. PTILOCALAIS Greene. 
1. Ptilocalais nutans (Geyer) Greene. ( Microseris nutans A. Gray) Wet 
meadows from Mont, and Wash, to Colo, and Calif.—Alt. 8000-10,000 ft.— 
Minturn, Eagle Co.; Cerro Summit; Silver Plume. 
2. PTILORIA Raf. 
Perennials. 
Pappus plumose to the base, white; leaves, at least the lower ones, broad, 
oblanceolate in outline and runcinate. . 1. P. ramosa. 
Pappus merely scabrous at the base, brown; leaves often runcinate, but narrow. 
2. P. paucidora. 
Annuals or biennials. 
Pappus plumose to the base, not paleacous-dilated; plant strict, virgate; leaves 
entire or sinuate. 3. P. virgata. 
Pappus plunrose above the middle, dilated and paleaceous at the base; leaves 
pinnatifid or bipinnatifid or the upper bract-like. 4. P. exigua. 
1. Ptiloria ramosa Rydb. On dry plains and in “bad-lands” from Neb. 
and Mont, to Colo.—Alt. 4000-6000 ft.—New Windsor; Boulder. 
2. Ptiloria pauciflora (Torr.) Raf. ( Stephanomeria runcinata Nutt.) On 
plains and hills from Colo, and Nev. to Tex. and Ariz.—Alt. 4500-8000 ft.— 
Buena Vista; Villa Grove; Mancos; Ft. Collins; Grand Junction; Deer Run; 
New Windsor; near Boulder; Hotchkiss; Cucharas Valley, near La Veta; 
Canon City; between Sunshine and Ward; Boulder. 
3. Ptiloria virgata (Benth.) Greene. ( Stephanomeria virgata Benth.) In 
arid places from Colo, and Nev. to Calif.—Alt. about 4500 ft.—Grand Junc¬ 
tion. 
4. Ptiloria exigua (Nutt.) Greene. Dry places from Wyo. to N. M., Calif, 
and Nev.—Grand Junction {Eastwood) . 
3. TRAGOPOGON L. Salsify, Oyster Plant. 
Flowers yellow; involucral bracts equalling or shorter than the ligules. 
1. T. pratense. 
Flowers purple; involucral bracts much longer than the ligules. 
2. T. porrifolius. 
1 . Tragopogon pratensis L. In fields and waste places from N. B. and Man. 
to N. J. and Colo.; naturalized from Europe.—Ft. Collins; Boulder. 
2. Tragopogon porrifolius L. In fields and waste places from Ont. and 
Minn, to N. C. and Colo. Escaped from cultivation.—Ft. Collins; Colorado 
Springs. 
