Insects and Insecticides. 
17 
Remedies .—Carefully inspect the trees every fall and spring, remove some 
of the earth next the crown, and search for and remove the borers with the aid 
of a pocket knife. Their presence is usually indicated by the exhudation of a 
gummy material upon the bark. Shields of stout paper or wire screen placed 
about the trunks and left there from the 1st of May till the 10th of July will 
serve as a means of protection from egg-laying. The paper screen is the better. 
(See Plate IV., Figs. 2 and 3. 
PLANT LICE. 
The plant lice that attack the foliage of the peach may be 
treated in the same way as the apple plant-louse mentioned above. 
The black peach aphis, which does its chief injury to the roots, 
should be handled in the same manner as the woolly louse of 
the apple. 
INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE GRAPE. 
the achemon sphinx. ( Philampelus achemon .) 
Hairless caterpillars devouring the leaves. When small, the 
caterpillar have each a long dorsal spine on the last segment of the 
body. When nearly grown, the spine is represented by a shining 
black spot. These larvae resemble the large tomato “worm.” 
Remedies .-—Any of the arsenical poisons may be used as recommended for 
apple leaf-rollers. Pyrethrum (24) may also be used as a powder or spray, but to 
kill it must come in contact with the caterpillars. Hand picking is the best 
remedy in a small vineyard. 
This insect is also bad on Virginia creeper. 
THE EIGHT-SPOTTED FORESTER. ( Alypid OCtomaCulatd.) 
A dark colored caterpillar, about one and one-half inches long 
when fully grown. A close examination will reveal numerous 
small black and white cross lines and a few red ones to each body 
segment. See Plate III., Fig. 2. 
Remedies .—The same as for the preceding species. 
This insect also infests the Virginia creeper. 
BORER. 
See apple twig-borer, which also attacks the grape. 
TREE CRICKETS. [CEcdUtllUS Sp.] 
The female cricket punctures stems of grape and other plants 
and in each puncture deposits a long cylindrical egg. The punc¬ 
tures are usually in rows lengthwise of the stem and look like 
needle thrusts. 
Remedies .—Cut out badly infested stems. Keep the vineyard clean of all 
weeds. 
cottony scale. \_Pulvindrid innumerdbilis.'] 
This scale, commonly found infesting soft maple, sometimes 
attacks grapevines. See Plate I., Fig. 2. 
Remedies .—When the little lice first hatch from the scales, about the last 
of June, the ordinary sprays of kerosene emulsion (14) or whale-oil soap (12) will 
