18 
Bulletin 71. 
destroy them. If the spraying is delayed till a heavy scale has formed over the 
lice, stronger applications will be required. 
grape flea-beetle. [ Graptodera chalybdea.~\ 
A small steel-blue beetle appearing early in the spring and 
again in midsummer and feeding upon the foliage. The beetles 
deposit eggs which soon hatch into small dark-colored larvse which 
also eat holes in the leaves. 
Remedies .—Arsenical poisons (3-8) sprayed or dusted upon the foliage. If 
unsafe to use poisons, dust freely with Pyrethrum (24). 
grape leaf-hoppers. [Typhlocyba sp.] 
Small jumping and flying insects, often called “grape thrips.” 
The insects often fly out from the vine in great numbers when the 
latter is jarred and return quickly to the under side of the leaves. 
As a result of the punctures and the extraction of the sap, the 
leaves lose their dark green color and at first are minutely specked 
and freckled with white, as shown at Plate III., Fig. I. Later the 
leaves shrivel and die. The red spiders, brown mites and thrips 
cause a similar appearance of the foliage they attack. 
Remedies .—Spray forcibly with kerosene emulsion (14), kerosene and water 
(16), or whale-oil soap (12) very early in the morning while the insects are 
dormant and drop readily from the leaves. Burn dry leaves, dead grass and 
other rubbish in the vicinity of the vineyard during winter or early spring, on a 
cold day. 
GRASSHOPPERS. 
Remedies .—Use arsenical spray (3-8) where safe. If not safe to spray, use 
the arsenic-bran mash (2) freely about the borders of the vineyard and about the 
vines. Make free use of hopper-pans (37) in adjoining fields to reduce the num¬ 
ber of hoppers before they reach the vineyard. Plow or thoroughly harrow the 
ditch banks and the borders of the field late in the fall to destroy as many of 
the eggs as possible. 
INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE CURRANT. 
imported currant-borer. [Sesia tipuliformis^] 
Yellowish white larvse burrowing in stems, giving rise to wasp¬ 
like moths in June. The moths closely resemble those of the peach 
borer, shown at Plate IV., Fig. 1. 
Remedies .—Cut out the infested stems and burn them during winter or 
early spring. Also keep the old wood well trimmed out of the bushes. 
currant saw-fly. [ Pristiphora grossularias .] 
A green larva, about half an inch long when fully grown, 
feeding upon the leaves of currant and gooseberry bushes. Appear¬ 
ing late in June and again about the last of August. The adult 
insect is a black four-winged fly about the size of a house-fly. The 
eggs are deposited, one in a place, under the epidermis of the 
leaves. 
Remedies .—The best remedy for this pest is white hellebore (9) dusted 
ightly over the foliage in the evening. If this is carefully done, nearly every 
