Insects and Insecticides. 
25 
burning foliage. It is also considered somewhat less effectual in 
killing insects than is Paris green or Scheele’s green. It should 
compare favorably, however, with the prepared arsenite of lime in 
its power to kill insects, and there is little danger that it will be 
adulterated, as it is a waste product. 
Apply either wet or dry in the manner and in the same pro¬ 
portions as are previously recommended for Paris green, being sure 
to add a pound or two of freshly slaked lime for each pound of 
poison if used as a spray. 
8. BORDEAUX MIXTURE AND THE ARSENITES. 
Bordeaux mixture is a fungicide and is the substance most 
often used for the destruction of fungi that attack the surface of 
plants. It has been found to be of value for use against flea-beetles, 
and the writer also demonstrated its value a number of years ago as 
a medium in which to spray Paris green or London purple. These 
poisons can be used very strong in this mixture without injury to 
foliage and they do not in the least lessen its effect as a fungicide. 
Such a mixture will destroy both insects and fungi with one appli¬ 
cation. 
Bordeaux mixture may be prepared as follows: Take of 
Copper sulfate. 4 pounds 
Quicklime. 4 pounds 
Water . 45 gallons 
Dissolve the copper sulfate in a gallon of hot water, slake the 
lime in another gallon of water, and then add the milk of lime 
slowly to the copper sulfate solution while the latter is being con¬ 
stantly stirred. Then add 43 gallons of water. 
If insects are to be killed at the same time, add to the above 
quantity of Bordeaux mixture one-third pound of London purple, 
Paris green or Scheele’s green. 
9. WHITE HELLEBORE. 
Hellebore, as obtained from drug stores, is a light, yellowish- 
brown powder. It is a vegetable poison and is obtained by pulver¬ 
izing the roots of a European plant, Veratrum album. It is not as 
poisonous as the arsenites and consequently is not as effective in the 
destruction of most insects, but it has its special uses. Slugs, which 
are the young of saw-flies, are particularly susceptible to its effects. 
The poisonous property is an alkaloid and it loses its virtue after 
being exposed to the air for a few days. For this reason it can not 
be used where it is likely to remain long before being eaten, and it 
must be kept in tight receptacles and must not be kept too long 
before using. It is often useful for the destruction of insects upon 
plants containing fruit that will soon be used for food. 
Dry applications are easily made upon low plants by making a 
