The Ground Water. 
27 
§ 74. These samples also serve to represent the general com¬ 
position of the total solids present in this class of ground waters. 
As a matter of course it is not intended that one shall infer from 
this statement that the alkaline ground waters occurring in different 
parts of the state are so rich in total solids or that the different salts 
are present in the same proportions, but that the ground waters in 
alkalied sections are of this general type. I have not yet found any 
ground water materially richer in sodic chloride (common salt) or 
sodic carbonate. It is true that some surface well waters that have 
come to hand for analysis, have shown relatively much larger 
amounts of carbonates, while the total solids were materially less in 
quantity. These waters were from wells sunk for the purpose of 
obtaining potable water, or water for use in boilers, and I assume 
that the samples represented the best procurable quality of such 
waters. 
§ 75. The following analysis of a water struck at a depth of 
28 feet and occurring in a two-foot stratum of sand, will serve for 
comparison with the analyses of ground waters already given. 
This sample of water was sent to us from Rockyford, in the 
Arkansas Valley: 
TABLE XIII.—ANALYSIS OF WATER FROM ROCKYFORD, JULY 26,1900. 
Grs. 
Analytical Per Imp. 
Results. Cent. Gal. 
Silicic Acid. 0.141 0.880 
Sulfuric Acid. 45.136 281.603 
Carbonic Acid. 3.989 24.887 
Chlorin. 3.772 23.533 
Sodic Oxid.. 22.277 138.986 
Potassic Oxid. Trace Trace 
Calcic Oxid. 6.264 39.081 
Magnesic Oxid. 9.684 60.418 
Ferric and Alu. Oxids 0.010 0.062 
Manganic Oxid. 0.040 0.250 
Ignition. 9.233 57.605 
Sum.100.546 627.307 
Oxygen Eq. to Chlorin 0.850 5.303 
Total. 99.696 622.004 
Combined. 
Per 
Cent. 
Grs. 
Imp. 
Gal. 
Calcic Sulfate. 
15.206 
94.870 
Magnesic Sulfate. 
29.059 
181.299 
Potassic Sulfate. 
Trace 
Trace 
Sodic Sulfate. 
29.865 186.328 
Sodic Chlorid. 
6.224 
38.832 
Sodic Carbonate. 
9.619 
60.013 
Sodic Silicate. 
0.286 
1.784 
Ferric and Alu. Oxids 
0.010 
0.062 
Manganic Oxid. 
0.040 
0.250 
Ignition. 
9.233 
57.605 
Sum. 
99.542 
621.043 
Excess Sodic Oxid.... 
0.152 
0.948 
Total. 
99.694 621.991 
Total solids 8.9129 parts per thousand, or 623.9 grains per imperial gallon. 
§ 76. A sample of ground water from this locality, Rocky¬ 
ford, taken under my own directions, but at a depth of 12 feet, 
differed from the above in the relative amounts of calcic and mag¬ 
nesic sulfates, but the quantities of sodic sulfate and chlorid were 
nearly the same. 
§ 77. There is, as I have previously intimated, probably a 
difference between samples taken as soon as the water plane has 
been entered and after the well has been emptied several times by 
continued pumping or bailing; there is, besides, in shallow wells 
