12 
BULLETIN 73. 
consume the undigested corn. The hogs did usually well un¬ 
til he added the beet pulp to the corn ration for the steers, 
when they so thoroughly digested the corn that the hogs 
starved and he was forced to give them other food. 
Both beets and pulp have nutritive values, that of the 
beets being greater than that of the pulp. They contain so 
much water which is merely bulk, that a cow would hardly 
be able to eat enough of the pulp, at least if given no other 
food, to supply her maintenance, and there is a limit to the 
amount of such foods which can be profitably used. Some 
experiments report cows eating as much as 120 pounds of 
pulp daily, or forty to sixty pounds of beets. However, exces¬ 
sively large amounts of beets are dangerous, as they contain 
small amounts of a poison principle which may cause the 
death of the animal by paralysis, if indeed the mere amount 
of food does not produce other serious troubles. In all of 
our experiments up to this time we have confined the amount 
of beets or pulp fed to a minimum, giving only such quan¬ 
tities as experience in other places has indicated could be fed 
with profit. We think fifty pounds of beet pulp, or one-half 
that amount of beets, would be a maximum to add to a ration 
fed to cows, and in our experiments to show comparative 
values we have fed approximately one-half as much. 
If the main use of beets or pulp is to furnish a tonic or 
to produce a salubrious mechanical effect, rather than to 
supply nutriment, then we would not expect to find a great 
amount of difference in their feeding value when added to 
grain and hay rations in small amounts. These points 
should be borne in mind when comparing the results obtain¬ 
ed in the following reports of our feeding trials. 
The beets fed were grown on the College farm and con¬ 
tained from twelve to seventeen per cent of sugar. The 
pulp was kindly furnished for the purpose of making 
the tests by Mr. A. V. Officer, manager of the Loveland 
Sugar Factory. The pulp was placed in piles on the ground 
outdoors and fed as wanted. 
PLAN OF THE EXPERIMENT. 
At first four cows were put on alternate beet and pulp 
rations, records of which were kept for eleven weeks. Later 
a fifth cow, Bessie Geneva 2d, was added and fed from the 
eighth to eleventh weeks. Having obtained five common 
stock cows before the supply of pulp was exhausted, they 
were fed in the same manner the last three weeks. 
The first week all the cows were given sugar beets; the 
next two weeks the beets were discontinued and pulp fed; 
