November 22. 
THE COTTAGE GARDENED. 
03 
WEEKLY CALENDAR. 
|m 
1) 
W 
D 
NOVEMBER 22 —28, 1849- 
Weather 
in 
near London 
1848. 
Sun 
Rises. 
Sun 
Sets. 
Moon 
R. & S. 
Moon’s 
Age. 
Clock 
lief. Sun. 
Day of 
Year. 
Tn 
St. Cecilia. Sun’s dee. 20° 12's. 
T. 
55°—43° 
s.w. 
Rain. 
32 a. 7 
IV 
10 53 
8 
13 
37 
326 
,23 
F 
St. Clement. 
T. 
52°—39°. 
s. 
Rain. 
34 
59 a. 3 
11 59 
3D 
13 
20 
327 
21 
S 
Grey Wagtail arrives. 
T. 
45°—22°. 
N. 
Fine. 
36 
58 
morn. 
10 
13 
3 
328 
25 
Sun 
25 Sun. aft. Trin. Catherine. 
T. 
48°—40°. 
s. 
Rain. 
37 
57 
l 9 
11 
12 
45 
329 
2(5 
M 
Mich. Term ends. Oak leafless. 
T. 
55°—13°. 
s.w. 
Rain. 
39 
56 
2 21 
12 
12 
26 
330 
•37 
To 
Anniversary of Botanical Society. 
T. 
51°—41°. 
w. 
Fine. 
40 
55 
3 35 
13 
12 
6 
331 
28 
VV 
Elm leafless. 
T. 
51°—4(5°. 
s.w. 
Fine. 
42 
55 
4 53 
14 
11 
46 
332 
St. Cecilia, or Cecily, was a Roman virgin, martyred for her 
adherence to the Christian faith. It is related that, notwithstanding 
her vow of chastity, she was compelled by her parents to marry a 
heathen nobleman named Valerianus, and that he was converted by 
her exhortations. She has been considered the patroness of ecclesi¬ 
astical melody, from her excellence in both vocal and instrumental 
music, an excellence, as the legend says, so exquisite as to have 
attracted to her an angel from his sphere. This'is alluded to by 
Drydcn, when he says— 
“ Let old Timotheus yield the prize, 
Or both divide the crown ; 
He raised a mortal to the skies, 
She brought an angel down.” 
When Stationers-hall was rebuilt after the lire of London, a musical 
festival was held there on St. Cecilia’s anniversary, and Purcell com¬ 
posed for the occasion his celebrated Te Deum and Jubilate. She 
was martyred a.d. 230. 
St. Clement. —Clemens Romanus, or St. Clement, according to 
the most trustworthy authorities, was the third bishop of Rome, 
Linas being the first., and Anenclctus the second. An “ Epistle to 
the Corinthians,” lull of interesting memorials of the early Christian 
Church, is generally believed to have been written by him. Another 
fragment of an epistle is also ascribed to him, but others bearing his 
name are certainly spurious. lie died on this day, about a. n. 100, 
and some authorities state that he was martyred by drowning, being 
cast into the sea with an anchor fastened to his neck. This was a 
common mode of execution among the Romans, and from this tradi¬ 
tion so many sculptured figures of anchors have been added to the 
ornaments of the Church, and other parish property, of St. Clement 
Danes in London. 
St. Catherine was a native of Alexandria, martyred by order of 
the Emperor Maxentius in the year 305, according to the legend, not 
only for being a Christian herself, but for converting others, and 
among them his empress. The wheel bearing her name, the memory 
of which is still preserved in many inns’ signs, and in some heraldic 
devices of our ancient families, was the intended instrument of her 
torturing or death, but failing in its operation, she was beheaded by 
the Roman executioner’s sword. Her remains were believed to have 
been discovered on Mount Sinai, and a tomb was erected on the spot. 
To this pilgrimages became frequent, and a chivalric order of knight¬ 
hood was established in the year 10()3, the members of which were 
known as the Knights of St. Catherine, to guard from the attacks of 
the Arabs the pilgrims passing to and from her shrine. The habit 
of the knights was white, on which was emblazoned*half a wheel 
armed with spikes, and across it a sword stained with blood. 
Meteorology of tue Week. —The average highest temperature 
of these seven days, from observations made during the last 22 years, 
is 43.3°, and the average lowest, 35.3°. The greatest heat during 
those years was on the 28th in 1823, when the mercury rose to 60 °. 
The greatest cold observed was on the 25th in 182(5, when it sank to 
21°. During 75 of the 154 days in the 22 years rain occurred, and the 
other 79 were fair. 
Natural Phenomena Indicative of Weather. — -Milk be¬ 
coming sour during the prevalence of lightning is probably caused 
by the formation in the air of a minute portion of nitrous acid by the 
electrical discharges, and this acid being absorbed by the milk, causes 
the phenomena so commonly known as “ turning sour.” Currents 
of air far above the surface of the earth usually alter their direction 
some time before the alteration occurs below. Hence a change of 
wind frequently may be foretold by observing the direction from 
which the higher clouds arc moving. The strength of the coming 
wind also may be estimated from the velocity with which those clouds 
are passing on. Porpuses sporting and plunging out of the water 
betoken stormy weather. This is a well-known and truthful prog¬ 
nostic that did not escape the notice of the ancients, who fabled that 
these fish approached ships on such occasions to offer their aid to the 
mariners in case of disaster. 
Insects. —One of the greatest 
of pests to the cultivator of the 
soil, whether in the field or in the 
garden, is the Wire-worm. It is, 
in truth, no worm, but the grub of 
a particular bettle called Catapha- 
RANGE OF BAROMETER—RAIN IN INCHES. 
gas lineatus, by some entomolo¬ 
gists, and Eluter segetis, and E. 
striatus by others. It is very ap¬ 
propriately called Cataphugus, 
from a Greek word signifying to 
devour, and lineatus, or lined, 
from the brown lines along its wing-cases. The larva, or wireworm, 
of this beetle is a pale, dirty orange, or tawny colour, having six very 
short legs. The body is formed of twelve scaly rings, besides the 
head. Two different kinds, the offspring probaby of different species 
of this genus of beetle, are represented in the annexed cut. In the 
same appears the C. lineatus magnified, and the line by the side 
shows the natural length of the insect. It is of a dull brown colour, 
with a greyish down over it; head and thorax black; the lines on the 
wing-cases are in pairs, united at each end : and the legs and an¬ 
tennae dull red. The beetle may be found under moss in hedges, 
and elsewhere, throughout the year. Its larva preys upon the roots 
of almost all cultivated plants. In the garden, those of lettuces. 
Nov. 
1841. 
1842. 
1843. 
1844. 
1845. 
1846. 
1847. 
1848. 
B. 
r 29.455 
29.409 
29.618 
30.216 
29.680 
29.579 
29.616 
29.258 
129,170 
29.268 
29.536 
30.185 
29.555 
29.336 
29.570 
29.168 
R. 
0.21 
0,17 
0.62 
— 
— 
0.01 
0.01 
0.01 
23 
B. 
r 29.736 
29.485 
29.565 
30.146 
29 .981 
29-799 
29.964 
29.207 
1 29.656 
29.152 
29.2/5 
30.124 
29.836 
29.711 
29.534 
29.151 
R. 
— 
0.11 
0.01 
— 
— 
0.07 
0.18 
0.04 
24 
B, 
f 29.957 
28.890 
29.568 
30.031 
30.144 
29.696 
30.126 
29.763 
1 29 . SSI 
28.793 
29.523 
29.947 
29.995 
29.580 
20.037 
29.391 
R. 
— 
0.32 
0.08 
— 
— 
0.50 
— 
— 
25 
B. 
/ 29.913 
28.938 
29.682 
30.102 
30.021 
29.663 
30.069 
30.084 
\ 29.783 
28.816 
29.604 
29.983 
29 937 
20.260 
29.925 
29-925 
R. 
— 
0.12 
0.34 
— 
O.Ot) 
0.27 
0.04 
0.05 
26 
B. 
f 29.894 
29.208 
29-685 
30.296 
29.846 
29.252 
29.861 
29.869 
1 29 . 79 s 
29 . 01)0 
29.665 
30.221 
29 .814 
29.232 
29.483 
29.826 
R. 
0.02 
0.01 
0.01 
— 
— 
0.01 
0.54 
0.38 
B. 
; 29.697 
29-314 
29-798 
30.326 
29.957 
29.348 
29.226 
30.078 
l 29.583 
29.069 
29.618 
30.237 
29.857 
29.306 
29.113 
29.772 
R. 
0.11 
0.24 
— 
— 
— 
— 
0.17 
— 
28 
B. 
r29.634 
29.266 
30.143 
30.110 
29.580 
29.544 
29.141 
30.090 
129.464 
28.893 
30.075 
29-985 
29.561 
29.402 
28.908 
29 . 962 ] 
U. 
0.60 
0.04 
“ 
0.04 
“ 
0.04 
turnips, carrots, potatoes, cabbages, irises, pinks, lobelias, anemones, 
ranunculuses, carnations, and many others, are destroyed by this 
vermin. Digging gas lime into the soil has been recommended for 
driving it away; and the root of the White mustard is said to have 
the same effect. Other remedies are to grow plants for which they 
have a greater fondness near those we wish to protect. The roots of 
the double daisy are such a lure for them, and from a row of these, 
grown to protect carnations, &c., 2000 wire-worms are recorded as 
being taken in one season. Soda-ash dug plentifully into the soil is 
also said to destroy them ; but their most, effectual exterminator is 
the mole. 
The folio tving letter from Dr. Green, a physician re¬ 
siding at Youglial, near Cork, is inserted thus promi¬ 
nently not only because the selection of plants is, for 
the most part, very worthy of adoption, hut because 
the arrangement of the house is excellent, making 
the most of a given space, and because it enables us 
No. LX., Vol. 1JI. 
