124 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER. 
November 29. 
them. Plant Ruga and Felicite perpetuelle, and on the latter you 
can bud others for a trial; but very few roses will take well on Ruga 
anywhere, much less on a north aspect. 
Fruit Trees, &c., for Australia (Rev. G. G .).—Vines and 
figs are the only fruit-trees that would be likelv to reach Australia 
safe in the shape of cuttings, but which varieties would succeed best 
we cannot say. Cuttings of all the European grape-vines have been 
already taken out to Sidney, and freely distributed. Cuttings of trees 
and shrubs can hardly be taken there ; seeds are much the best way 
of carrying them, and all that you can procure that way will be use¬ 
ful, although not new to the settlements. It is just the same there as 
here about kitchen-garden seeds; the best sorts are the most useful. 
You will not be able to effect a cross between our fine pelargoniums 
and the wild tuberous rooted kinds; besides, the latter are not indir 
genous in Australia, but in South Africa only. There is little doubt, 
however, but crosses can be had at Sidney which we cannot obtain 
here. Bees have been taken to New Zealand, but we heard they did 
not succeed well afterwards. 
Umbrella-shaped Trellises (Rev. J. S. Lievre). —If we had 
these upon our lawn, we should make each of them the supporters 
of two weeping roses ; say Crimson Boursault and Princess Louise, 
or Felicite perpetuelle. We should make the soil very rich, and plant 
immediately. 
Tree-seeds for New Zealand (Rev. P. Fillent). —We will, for 
once , break through our firmest rule, and say, that if we were to emi¬ 
grate to New Zealand, or to anywhere else, we would put our case in 
the hands of Mr. Charlwood, 14, Tavistock-row, Covent-garden, Lon¬ 
don, for all kinds of seeds, roots, &c., although we have had no busi¬ 
ness transactions with him these many years. 
Potato-planting, &c. (F. C .).—Pray refer to our No. 58 ; we 
have nothing at present to add to the editorial there published. Your 
mushroom-bed will never supply you with mushrooms enough for 
making catsup. Their being hard and dry arises probably from a 
deficiency of moisture. Sprinkle the surface, as required, gently with 
tepid water. 
IlEATn Cuttings (Ibid). —You ask for “the best time for striking 
these ?” But it is impossible to give a direct answer unless we knew 
the species you wish to propagate. Those which bloom late, and 
continue to grow even through the winter, such as Erica verticillata, 
gracilis, &c., will not have the shoots sufficiently matured for cut¬ 
tings until early spring. Perhaps, the best general rule we can give 
is, plant your cuttings immediately the young wood of the shoots is 
ripe. 
Passion-Flowers for South Wall (Ibid ).—Besides the com¬ 
mon, you may grow Herbert’s Passion-Flower. The end of June is 
the best time for planting the main crop of celery. You will find 
abundance of information on its culture in the present and previous 
numbers. 
Names of Plants and Fruit. — (M. B.) —The leaf you sent is 
that of Scolopendrium officinarum, the Common Hart’s-tongue fern. 
(II. W. Livett.) —Your creeper is Tropceolum tuberosum., or Tuber¬ 
ous-rooted nasturtium. (Hester S.)—‘ The large white fungus grow¬ 
ing just below the surface of the soil is the Lycopeidon pratense, or 
Underground Puff-ball. (C/ericus Rusticus.) —Your apples are— 1 , 
Ribstone Pippin ; 2 , Unknown; 3, Beauty of Kent; 4, Newton Spit- 
zemberg; 5, Sykehouse Russet; 6 , Old Nonpareil; 7 , Cornish Gilli- 
flower ; 8 , Russet Nonpareil. 
CALENDAR FOR DECEMBER. 
GREEHOUSE. 
Air, admit freely when the external temperature is above 35°. 
Bulbs, well rooted in pots, place in gentle heat for early blooming; 
keep mice from the successions. Calceolarias, Cinerarias, 
Camellias, &c., attend to with heat and moisture, according to the 
time you desire them to be in bloom. Climbers, prune them gene¬ 
rally, to give light to the plants beneath them. Train and clean 
winter-flowering ones, such as Kennedya, Manettiae, and various 
TropcEolums. Earth in pots and borders keep fresh by stirring. 
Geraniums, encourage the forwardest when early blooming is 
desirable. Heaths, keep cool, and give abundance of air in mild 
clear weather. Heat, by fires, apply when necessary. Ixias, 
Gladioli, and the hardier Lilies, pot and set in a cold pit, to be 
protected from frost. Insects, keep under, by fumigating and 
scrubbing. Leaves —dirty, wash; decayed, remove. Mignonette, 
take in a few pots now and then. Primula (Chinese), introduce; 
water with manure liquid. The double white give a favourable and 
warm position. Roses, and other Shrubs, introduce for forcing. 
Salvia Sflendens, supply liberally with water, and give it a warm 
corner. Succulents keep dry, and Cactus especially, except the 
Truncutus, which will now be in bloom. Water sparingly, unless 
when the flower-buds are swelling and opened; give it after break¬ 
fast, and with liquid rather higher than the temperature of the house. 
Temperature, 45° during the day, 40° at night, with from 5° to 
10 ° more, at a warm end, or in a conservatory, for placing tenderer 
and forced flowers when first introduced. In severe weather, prefer 
covering, even during the day, to large fires. R. Fish. 
FLOWER GARDEN. 
Anemones, defend in bad weather; plant, if mild. Auriculas, 
defend in inclement weather. Bulbs omitted, may be planted if 
the weather be mild. (See November). Carnations, defend in 
inclement weather. Composts, prepare. Dig over borders and 
dress all quarters generally. Edgings, plant. Fibrous-rooted, 
perennials and biennials divide and plant. Flowers (ehoice), 
defend generally from inclement weather. Grass, mow and roll 
occasionally, if winter be mild. Gravel, roll and keep orderly. 
Hedges, plant and plash. Hyacinths, defend in inclement wea¬ 
ther. Leaves, collect for composts. Mulch round the roots and 
stems of shrubs newly planted. Plant shrubs of all kinds. Potted 
Plants, protect in deep frames, &c.; place in hothouse for forcing. 
Prune all shrubs requiring regulation. Ranunculuses, defend 
in bad weather; plant, if mild. Seedlings of all kinds require 
protection. Stake shrubs newly planted, and any others requiring 
support. Suckers may be planted as removed during the winter 
dressing. Tulips, defend in bad weather. Turf may be laid in 
open weather. Water in glasses, change weekly; add a few grains 
of salt or five drops of spirit of hartshorn. 
ORCHARD. 
Almonds, plant. Apples (Espalier), prune, &c.; plant, &c. 
Apricots, plant; prune and train in frosty weather. Brine, apply 
with a scrubbing brush to stems and branches of fruit-trees, to 
destroy insects, eggs, and moss. Cherries (Wall and Espalier), 
prune and train; plant. Chesnuts, plant. Currants, prune; 
plant. Cuttings of Gooseberries and Currants may be planted. 
Espaliers, prune and regulate. Figs, protect from frost. Fil¬ 
berts, plant. Fork the surface around fruit-trees. Gooseberries, 
plant; prune. Layers, plant. Medlars, plant. Mulberries, 
plant. Mulch, put around newly planted trees. Nectarines, 
plant; prune and train in frosty weather. Peaches (See Necta¬ 
rines). Pears, plant; (Espalier), prune, &c. Plums, plant; 
(Wall and Espalier), prune. # Pruning, attend to generally. Quinces, 
plant. Raspberries, plant ; prune. Services, plant. Snails, 
destroy in their torpid state. Stake and support trees newly planted. 
Standards, remove dead and irregular branches from. Suckers, 
plant. Trench and prepare borders, See., for planting. Vines, 
plant, prune, and train. Walnuts, plant. Wall-trees generally, 
prune and regulate. Walls —it is a very beneficial plan to paint 
these by means of a white-washer’s brush, with a liquid mixture of 
8 lbs. lime, 4lbs. soot., and 8 lbs. sulphur. It destroys and banishes 
insects, as well as by its dark colour promoting the warmth of the 
wall. The liquid employed in which to mix the above should be 
urine and soapsuds in equal proportions. 
Any trees proposed to be regrafted in the spring may be headed 
down now in open weather, but the stumps of the branches should be 
left sufficiently long to permit a few inches more to be cut off at the 
time of grafting. R. Errington. 
PLANT STOVE AND FORCING HOUSE. 
Air, admit as often as circumstances permit. Apricots (see 
Peach). Bark-beds, stir, and renew, if heat declines. Cher¬ 
ries (see Peach). Cucumbers, in pots, introduce; water fre¬ 
quently, and train. Figs (see Vines) : they should be in pots in 
the Vinery. Fires : beware of too much fire-heat. Flowers, in 
pots (Roses, Carnations, See.), introduce where room. Kidney 
Beans, sow in small pots, not larger than 48s; water frequently when 
up. Light, admit as freely as possible. Mats, put over glass in 
very severe weather, even in the day-time, if really necessary. 
Mushrooms, attend to the beds; water if dry; renew exhausted 
portions on shelves ; they require a moist atmosphere. Nectarines 
and Peaches in blossom keep at about 55° during the day, and at 
night about 40°; water very sparingly ; shake branches gently to 
distribute the pollen ; stir earth around often. PineApples (fruit¬ 
ing) require increased bottom-heat to about 78 °; water more spar¬ 
ingly ; temperature in house from 60 ° to 70 °. Salading, in boxes, 
sow successively. Sea-kalk and Asparagus, force successively. 
Stove, temp, not above 60° in the day, and at night 40° to 50°. 
Strawberries, in pots, introduce; when blossoming, water fre¬ 
quently ; day temp, not more than 6 o°. Thermometer, watch its 
dictates. Vines, in leaf, keep about 60°; in blossom, about 70° 
during day ; at night, 50°; protect stems outside by haybands ; give 
liquid manure, if dry. Wash the leaves of all plants, as requisite, 
either with a sponge or by watering. Water, soft and warm as the 
house, apply as requisite ; in pots, See., keep constantly in the house. 
R. Errington. 
KITCHEN GARDEN. 
Artichokes, dress. Asparagus-beds, dress, b.; plant to force; 
attend that in forcing. Beans, plant. Beets (Red), dig up and 
store, b. Borecole, earth up. Brocoli, lay in with their heads 
to the north. Cabbages, plant; earth up. Carrots, dig up and 
store, b. Cauliflowers, in frame, &c., attend to. Celery, earth 
up, and protect when necessary. Coleworts, plant. Composts, 
prepare and turn over. Dung, prepare for hotbeds. Earthing-up, 
attend to. Endive, blanch. Hotbeds, attend to. Kidney Beans, 
force, e. Leaves, fallen, remove. Lettuces, plant in hotbeds ; 
attend to those advancing. Lihuorice, dig up. Mint, force, 
hi us h room-beds, make ; attend to those in production. Parsnips, 
dig up and store, b. Peas, sow ; both in the open ground and in 
hotbeds ; attend to those advancing, protecting them from frost, mice, 
slugs, and birds. Plants to produce seed, attend to, b. Potatoes, 
plant in hotbeds. Radishes and Small Salading, sow in frames, 
&c, Spinach, clear of weeds. Tansy, force. Tarragon, force. 
Trench, drain, &c., vacant ground. Weeding, attend to. 
London : Printed by Harry Wooldridge, 147, Strand, in the 
Parish of Saint Mary-le-Strand; and Winchester High-street, in 
the Parish of St. Mary Kalendar; and Published by WTlliam 
Somerville Orp., at the Office, 147, Strand, in the Parish of 
Saint Mary-le-Strand, London,—November 29 th, 1849. 
