THE COTTAGE GARDENER AND COUNTRY GENTLEMAN’S COMPANION.— May 27, 1800. 
155 
The cause of the motion in hot water, when conducted 
in pipes through buildings at a lower temperature, lias long 
since been explained. Instead, therefore, of treating this 
A. The furnace door. 
b. The ash pit door. 
c. The dumb plate. 
d. and e. Soot doors. Another soot door (on the opposite side to E.) is supposed to 
be removed. 
f. f. The upper and lower flues, which are alike on both sides of the boiler. 
g. An iron flue plate to separate the lower from the upper flue, which is built into the 
brickwork. 
H. A brick separation of the flue on the top of the boiler. 
J. The damper in the chimney. 
k. and L. Two fire clay lumps, placed close to the back of the boiler. The space be¬ 
tween these is from 3$ to 4$ inches according to the size of the boiler and the height of 
the chimney. This opening is the only passage for the flame and smoke from the furnace 
into the flues. 
ns a theoretical question, I shall deduce from experience a 
few practical rules for the guidance of those who are less 
acquainted with the subject than myself. 
In setting the boiler it should always be 
placed so that no dip in the pipes which may 
be required in passing doorways or other 
unavoidable obstructions to their level run, 
shall be lower than its upper surface. Any 
deviation from this rule will most assuredly 
affect its proper action, less or more. Nor 
does it appear that this rule need be deviated 
from under any circumstances where hot 
water is applied to hothouses, if proper pre¬ 
cautions are taken. It will only’ be ne¬ 
cessary to excavate a little lower, for it is 
always better to err on the safe side. No 
obstruction or objection can possibly arise to 
this unless the water is near the surface, and 
this objection can only be sustained in old 
buildings. In all new erections care should 
in the first instance be taken to keep the 
buildings sufficiently above ground to admit 
of any arrangement for heating. This even 
may be got over by forming a basin similar 
to a water-tank— circular —with the bottom 
concave to resist pressure. The arrangement 
in the interior of the building to receive the 
pipes will of course vary in different struc¬ 
tures. This, however, should be so contrived 
as to admit of a proper distribution of the 
heat, whether the air only is to be warmed, 
or the bed for plunging pots. 
When the pipes rise from the boiler into 
the house, they should then be conducted 
horizontally. No deviation from this rule has 
yet been found of the least utility. They may’, 
notwithstanding, be carried upon different 
levels, the boiler being a close one. 
It will be necessary to make provision for 
the escape of air that may accumulate in 
the pipes, which would, if no outlet was pro¬ 
vided, obstruct the circulation of the water. 
This is very easily effected by drilling a 
small hole in one or two of the upper pipes, 
sufficient to admit ordinary gas tubing, which 
can be directed up any angle of the building, 
two or three feet above the highest pipe. 
In all cases of an ordinary kind this will be 
found to answer, provided the pipes are 
accurately laid down, and are not irregular 
or undulating. A cistern by which the 
apparatus is to be filled and afterwards 
supplied must be provided, and may be fixed 
in any convenient corner of the house or 
stoking-pit. This cistern must be placed 
higher than any portion of the apparatus, 
and attended to as occasion may require, in 
order that the pipes may be constantly kept 
full and steam prevented from accumulating, 
or air admitted to interfere with the motion 
of the water. 
"When two or more houses are to be heated 
by one boiler, stop-cocks will be required to 
stop the flow of the water. These are often 
found extremely inefficient, or otherwise very 
expensive; and unless the building is very 
circumscribed, one boiler will be found as 
economical, more efficient, and easier con¬ 
trolled than a combination of mechanical 
appliances. 
These observations will be readily under¬ 
stood by those to whom a hot water apparatus 
has hitherto presented a mechanical problem 
not readily solved. Let us hope that they 
may prove useful. 
The cuts represent Mr. Hood's mode of 
setting his arched boilers. — Horticultural 
Society's Journal. 
