40 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER. 
April 20. 
: Hazel is much better; but where much of this is grown i 
without its being wanted for any particular purpose, , 
elsewhere, it might be cut oftener than that ol Horn¬ 
beam and other hard-wood trees; it burns freely, and 
the straight rods found in it are often converted into 
i other purposes than firewood; it is, likewise, very 
j accommodating in the way of growiug, hut in the usual 
way a light soil suits it best. Oaks make but iudifl'orent 
stools, so many of them dying out after a lapse of 
years. In districts where Siveeb Ghesnuts will grow, i 
they form a better coppice, and as poles for the making 
of hurdles, &c., they are second to none for durability 
and general utility. Most of the soft woods are objec¬ 
tionable for fire-wood purposes; in fact, Poplar is used 
for certain purposes where its anti-combustion qualities : 
render it valuable. Birch, Willow, and Lime trees are 
all' inferior to the hard-wooded section, the Poplar 
having a peculiarity of throwing-up suckers from the 
roots, instead of shoots from the stool. But 1 must not 
omit to mention that the most, if not all, of the trials that 
were made a few years ago to introduce the Thorn \ 
Acacia into coppices have failed, the tree not stooling \ 
well, neither does it seem to possess any of those j 
qualities which give value to some of the others named 
above; it is, however, remarkable for its durability 
when placed in the ground as a stake or a post, in 
which capacity it, doubtless, equals, if not excels, most j 
other woods we have, excelling Oak and Cliesnut in that 
respect, and probably equalling Yew, which, however, 
has been but little tried in that way. 
In concluding, it is proper to add that the fact of 
certain trees not being found in a wild state in some 
woods of apparently primitive growth is no proof that 
they are not suitable to the place, as it is only reason¬ 
able to suppose the soil and situation being suitable to 
the well-being of some half-dozen or more kinds, and 
accident having only brought half that number there, 
we may be led to reason that it would produce the other 
half quite a3 well, and perhaps better than those found 
there, the beneficial effects of a change being on the 
side of the new comers. A considerable latitude, how¬ 
ever, must be given to peculiar situations; and as it 
frequently happens that steep hills and other places 
inaccessible to cultivation are the best adapted to timber 
growing only, such trees may be planted as are known 
to flourish on such soils. While it is equally important 
to plant a bog, or other wet marshy place, with trees 
suitable to its growth, the Alder, Willow, some of the 
Poplar, and other woods being well adapted for that 
purpose, and every way likely, where they are a saleable 
article, to furnish a more profitable crop than does that 
of the high or dry lands, so much more rapid is their 
growth and other peculiarities; while, on the other 
hand, Ghesnuts and Beech can only be advantageously 
grown where the soil is dry, and more or less stony. 
In this chapter I have not said anything of the uses 
of the various Firs which are often introduced into 
woods intended for timber; but as the above is merely 
j as an outline of such woods as only produce fire-wood, 
I or the various fry to which faggots form a good adjunct, 
J I do not advise the planting of Larch amongst them, as 
I they only hurt the growth of the more permanent crop, 
without, in themselves, producing anything good enough 
to atone for the sacrifice made; the case is, however, 
different where the local demand for young Larches is 
such as to deserve attention, or whore they and others 
are necessary to give variety and ornament to a land- 
! scape ; but when that is the case, the plantation comes 
i under another class than the one these notes are 
devoted to. J. Robson. 
SEA WEEDS. 
(Continued from Vol. xi., page 448.) 
5. PHYLLOPHORA. Grev. 
“ Frond cartilaginous, or membranaceous ; of a purple 
rose-red colour, plain, proliferous from the disc, furnished 
with a more or less imperfect or obscure mid-rib. Fructifi¬ 
cation 1. capsules, containing a mass of minute, roundish, 
free seeds. 2. sori of simple granules, in little foliaceous 
processes.”— Grev. Name from leaf and to bear.— Harvey. 
1. P. rubens (Blushing). On rocks; very generally 
found on the British shores, though not so common in 
Scotland as in England and Ireland. Fronds from three to 
eight inches long, rather rigid, and not adhering to paper; 
colour a fine deep rose, or even, as Harvey says, blood-red, 
but varying much in colour from this to purple and green. 
I have had it in beauty from the Channel Islands. 
2. P. mejibranifolios (Membrane-leaved).—Common on 
rocky shores; fronds wedge or fan-shaped, purplish, from 
three to twelve inches high, cartilaginous, and not unlike 
some specimens of Chonedria crisp u in appearance. 
3. P. Brodlei (Brodie’s). — “Bare, growing on rocks in 
the sea, from one to eight inches high; stem round, 
branched, or simple, with wedge-shaped leaves.” 
4. P. Palmettoides (Palmetta-like).—Bare ; frond rose- 
coloured; stem from half-an-inch to an inch in height, 
terminating in a leaf, “sometimes forked, and sometimes 
bearing small leaves from its apex.” Chiefly from Devon¬ 
shire and Cornwall. My specimens came from the latter 
county. 
(i. PEYSSONELIA. Due. 
“ Frond membranaceous, orbicular or lobed; attached 
by the whole of its under surface.” 
P. Dubyi. —“ On old shells, stones, <fec. Frond one to 
two inches across ; not uncommon.” I had a specimen 
of this skin-like weed from Jaffa, of a dull red, and more 
curious than pretty. 
7. GYMNOGOUGBUS. Mart. 
“ Frond cylindrical, filiform; much branched. Fructifi¬ 
cation, naked warts composed of cruciate tetraspores. Name 
from the Greek, signifying naked and a wart, in allusion to 
the appearance of the fruit upon the branches.”— Harvey. 
1. G. Griffiths!.®. —“ Growing on rocks in the sea. 
Found by Mrs. Griffiths on the coast of Devonshire. Fronds 
from two to four inches high, slender, and of equal length ; 
the whole plant has a roundish outline.” Substance carti¬ 
laginous ; as the Bev. Dr. Landsbourgh observes, “ it is 
like a miniature specimen of Polyides rotundas." 
2. G. plicata (Plaited).—On rocks in the sea: common. 
The fronds are matted together, horny, and rather thicker 
than hogs’ bristles ; colour darkish purple. 
8. POLYIDES. Ay. 
“ Frond cartilaginous, thread-shaped, cylindrical. Fructifica¬ 
tion naked, spongy warts, of radiating filaments, among which 
are imbedded roundish clusters of wedge-shaped seeds, 
surrounded with a pellucid border.”— Grevillc. 
P. rotundus (Bound).—On rocks in the sea. In 
England and Ireland, and more rarely in Scotland. The 
colour is blackisli-purple; fronds from four to six inches 
high; “the tips fastigiate, giving the plant a roundish 
outline.” 
0. FURCELLABIA. Lamour. 
“ Frond cartilaginous, cylindrical, thread-shaped, dichoto¬ 
mous. Fructification terminal, elongated, pod-like receptacles 
I containing a stratum of dark, oblong, pear-shaped seeds in the 
circumference. The name signifies a little fork.”— Greville. 
F. fastigiata (Tapering).—Common; on rocks and 
I stones. A very variable plant, sometimes eighteen inches 
long, sometimes only two or three ; of a dull purple colour, 
sometimes yellowish or greenish. 
10. DUMONTIA. Lamour. 
“Frond cylindrical, simple or branched, membranaceous, 
tubular, gelatinous within; of a red or purplish-red colour. 
■ Fructification globules of seeds attached to the inner 
