288 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER. 
JULY 0. 
Earl Ducie’s Sale. 
Cows and Heifers. 
Cows and Heifers. 
Tr. 
Mo. 
Gs. 
Tr. 
Mo. Gs. 
Bessy. . 
13 
6 . 
. 41 
Lucy 
1 
5 .. 40 
Stella 
12 
0 . 
. 35 
Hornet 
I 
4 .. 43 
Challenge . 
10 
6 
. 44 
Duchess 07 . 
1 
3 ..350 
Duchess 55 
9 
0 . 
. 50 
Parliament 
1 
2 .. 50 
Victoria 
8 
0 . 
. 44 
Oxford 15 . 
1 
2 ..200 
Princess Fairfax 8 
0 . 
. 77 
Bibby 
1 
0 .. 51 
Norwich 
7 
6 . 
. 50 
Pride 
0 
Hi-.105 
Chaff . 
7 
0 . 
. 42 
Duchess 08 
0 
11 ..300 
Minstrel 
7 
6 . 
.100 
Chance 
0 
7 .. 50 
Oxford 6 . 
6 
6 . 
.205 
Violet 
0 
0 .. 48 
Duchess 5!) 
5 
6 . 
.350 
Snowdrop . 
0 
0 ..120 
Mantilla 
•5 
0 . 
.110 
Duchess 09 . 
0 
5 ..400 
Virginia 
5 
6 . 
. 75 
Lizzy . 
0 
4 .. 81 
Pomp 
5 
0 . 
. 05 
Oxford 10 
0 
3 ..180 
Louisa 
5 
0 . 
. 78 
Duchess 70 
7 
wks. 310 
Beatrice 
5 
0 . 
. 87 
Parade . 
14 
days. 73 
Chaplet 
4 
6 . 
. 54 
Vanquish . 
13 
days. 30 
Victorine . 
4 
0 . 
. 40 
Horatio 
4 
0 . 
. 30 
Bulls and Calves. 
Duchess Cl 
4 
0 . 
.000 
D. of Glo’ster 
3 
0 ..050 
Oxford 11 . 
4 
0 . 
.250 
4tli D. of York 
6 
0 ..500 
Florence 
4 
0 . 
02 
Cornwall 
1 
3 .. 01 
Fatima 
3 
6 . 
. 70 
Uncle Tom 
1 
2 .. 37 
Mystery 
3 
6 . 
.200 
Vampire 
1 
1 ..120 
Boddice 
3 
0 . 
115 
Franklin 
0 
10 .. 80 
Flourish 
3 
0 . 
. 71 
Cheltenham 
0 
8 ..125 
Duchess 00 
3 
0 . 
.700 
Florian 
0 
8 .. 58 
Victory 
2 
0 . 
. 80 
5th D. Oxford 
0 
5J..300 
Chintz 
2 
7 . 
. 70 
Gloucester 
0 
44..120 
Finance 
2 
5 . 
. 90 
Francisco . 
0 
4 ..150 
China 
1 
8 . 
. 90 
Norman 
0 
34..100 
Bodkin 
1 
6 . 
. 50 
Marquis 
0 
2 .. 75 
“The shorthorn, Durham, or, more properly speaking, ‘ the 
Improved Shorthorns,’ observes Mr. C. Morton, ‘ is now un¬ 
questionably established as the most profitable breed of 
cattle we possess. The reasons for this are obvious enough ; 
no animal arrives so early at maturity, few supply meat of as 
superior a quality, while fewer still have so many recom¬ 
mendations, either in appearance or disposition, for the 
homestead of the agriculturist or the domain of the amateur. 
It has, however, occasionally been urged that, in one parti¬ 
cular, the Shorthorn is deficient. By many the breed is yet 
considered to be but indifferent milkers. Perhaps the best 
answer to this objection would be a walk through the 
establishments of our London dairymen. Nearly every 
cow tied up here will be found of the common Shorthorn, 
or Yorkshire sort; though many, indeed, show much 
breeding, and are doubtless crossed with some of our best 
bulls. When the aim is to have them good milkers, they 
can generally be insured; on the other hand, the exhi¬ 
bitor at a prize-show sacrifices one quality for the other. 
As the beast increases in flesh, the supply of milk will 
decrease. It is still quite compatible, with only due observa¬ 
tion on the part of the breeder, to successfully develope 
these two different qualities in the same animal. A cow 
that in her day may have been a first-rate milker, will, 
on being put up to feed, make as good a carcase, and pro¬ 
duce quite as fine meat, as many animals that have never 
been used for the dairy at all. But it does so happen that 
no kind of cattle are so frequently prepared for public dis¬ 
play, and heuco the origin of a censure, that arises from the 
treatment rather than the natural capability of the beast. 
The selection has only to be carefully made in favour of 
milk or meat, and for the production of either will the Short¬ 
horn be found eminently qualified. 
“ It is now fast approaching a century since this improve¬ 
ment was first attempted. The change for the better has 
been remarkable indeed. The original Teeswater, found 
on both sides of the Tees, together with the still coarser 
kind of beast known in the East Riding of Yorkshire as 
the “ Holderness," was, especially the latter, a large ungainly 
animal, generally deficient in his fore-quarters, with strong 
shoulders, slow and unprofitable to feed, as well as being 
but a middling beast for the butcher. The meat was coarse 
to the palate, and uninviting to the eye. There was thus 
plenty of room, if not much encouragement, for producing 
something better; and the task was set about with as much 
spirit as discrimination by the brothers Charles and Robert 
Colling. To their celebrated bull, Hubback, it is the desire 
of most breeders, either directly or indirectly, to trace back. 
He is in the Herd Book what Highflyer is in the Stud Book 
—the foundation of our best sorts. 
“ His origin and own pedigree is of course somewhat difficult 
to trace. It may be still interesting to transcribe, on the 
authority of Mr. George Coates, an ardent and renowned 
breeder, to whom is due the credit of having first collected 
i the pedigrees of our Shorthorns, the following particulars 
of Hubback, duly signed and dated, as will be observed, 
I by the person from whom the information was derived. 
We can couple with this the full pedigree of the animal, as 
recorded by Mr. Coates, who was a contemporary of the 
Messrs. Collings :— 
“ ‘ I remember the cow which my father bred, that was 
the dam of Hubback; there was no idea that she had any 
mixed or Kyloe blood in her. Much has been lately said 
that she was descended from a Kyloe ; but I have no reason 
to believe, nor do I believe, that she had any mixture of 
Kyloe blood in her. 
(Signed) John Hunter. 
“ ‘ Hurworth, near Darlington, July 0, 1822.’” 
(To be continued.) 
TO CORRESPONDENTS. 
William Adams (C.).—The Authoress of “ My Flowers ” begs very j 
gratefully to thank C. for the kind donation received. When the little ! 
debt is liquidated, there will be ten shillings left. The widow cannot : 
lawfully be considered an object of charity ; she is sufficiently young and ! 
strong, and otherwise qualified, to maintain herself at present, besides 
being not quite so well esteemed as her poor suffering husband. The ; 
remaining sum, therefore, will be transmitted to the generous donor in 
any way he may choose to name, as his open hand may find known 
objects of charity on whom it may be more beneficially bestowed. 
Knight and Co., Eastbourne. —Having applied to a gentleman at 
F.astbourne for information relative to this firm, we have received this 
answer:—“ In reply to your letter on the other side, I have to inform you 
there has been a man by the name of Knight living here, who called 
himself a nurseryman. There are no nursery grounds in Eastbourne, 
and the man, I believe, to be at present in Lewes Gaol.” 
Hogg’s Edging Tiles (H. A. S.). —Relative to these we can give no 
further information than that which you will find at p. 228. If we re- j 
quired an edging, and found the expense of Mr. Hogg’s too heavy, we 
should have a mould made of the shape we wished, and make an edging 
of Portland cement and sand mixed, as for casing the walls of houses. 
Name of a Poplar {Linda). —We cannot recognise it merely from 
the catkin. Send us a leaf or two. 
Name of a Rose (C. B. C., Exeter). —Yours seems to be Rosa villosa, 
of Babington’s British Botany. 
Liquid Guano for Grass (-).—We should use 2 cwt. of guano 
in twenty tons of water, and apply it by the aid of such a cart as is used 
for watering the roads. A Rose packed in damp moss, in a tin box, would 
travel fresh from France. 
Castor Oil and Tobacco Plants (J. Prince).— These plants are 
not to be had in the trade at all, there is no demand for them, and they j 
are never kept in stock, but an advertisement might catch the eye of i 
some one who has more of them than he wants. The usual way is to ' 
buy packets of seeds of them, and rear them in heat. Parsley, Peas, and ! 
Beans, are other articles never asked for in plants, and are never kept 
for sale. 
Lucern Culture (A Constant Subscriber). — At page 10 of our i 
No. 79, which you can obtain for threepence, you will find an essay on j 
Lucerne culture. It is too long to reprint. 
Poultry House ( Subscriber , Liverpool). — If you will send your 
name and direction we will write to you. 
Table Gooseberries {Querist). —The following are very excellent:— 
Rough Red, Red Champagne, Pitmaston Green Gage, Roaring Lion, 
Red Warrington, and Rifleman. Any Manchester or London nursery¬ 
man can supply them. The old Caroline Strawberry is a good fruit, 
but it is neither so early as Hooper’s Seedling, nor so highly flavoured 
as British Queen, nor so late as the Elton. All of them, indeed, are 
better fruit. 
Preserving Angelica (A Regular Subscriber).— Boil the stalks 
until tender, then peel them, and put them into some fresh warm water, 
cover them, and let them stand over a gentle fire until they become 
green; place them on a cloth to dry, then take their weight of loaf 
j sugar, put to it a little water, boil it, until by dropping it upon a cold 
! plate you find it readily crystalizes j then put the Angelica stalks into 
the symp, boil it quickly, take them out and put them upon a marble 
slab, or dish, where the sugar will crystallize over them 
London: Printed by Harry Wooldridge, Winchester High-street, 
in the Parish of Saint Mary Kalendar ; and Published by William 
Somerville ORR,of Church Hill, Walthamstow, in the County of 
Essex, at the Office, No. 2, Amen Corner, in the Parish of Christ 
I Church, City of London.—July 6th, 1854. 
